{"id":1343,"date":"2009-03-02T01:47:29","date_gmt":"2009-03-02T05:47:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=1343"},"modified":"2009-05-14T12:02:22","modified_gmt":"2009-05-14T16:02:22","slug":"gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"Gene-Pesticide Interactions Linked to Parkinson\u2019s Disease"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><font size=\"2\">(<em>Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, March 2, 2009) Pesticide exposure and genetic variability in the dopamine transporter (DAT), a protein that plays a central role in dopaminergic neurotransmission of the brain, interact to significantly increase the risk factor for Parkinson\u2019s disease, according to a new study by University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) researchers. The population based case-control study, \u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ehponline.org\/members\/2009\/0800277\/0800277.pdf\">Dopamine Transporter Genetic Variants and Pesticides in Parkinson\u2019s Disease<\/a>,\u201d builds on the existing body of evidence of animal data and epidemiological studies that link exposure to pesticides, including gene-pesticide interactions, to Parkinson\u2019s disease. The UCLA researchers, looking at incident Parkinson\u2019s disease cases in three rural counties in Central California, find DAT increases the risk of Parkinson\u2019s when individuals have occupational or residential exposure to pesticides. This is the first epidemiologic study of Parkinson\u2019s disease that relies on pesticide data that is from a record-based source versus recall-based data relying on individuals\u2019 memory. <\/p>\n<p>The second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting more than one million people in the U.S., Parkinson\u2019s disease occurs when nerve cells in the substantia nigra region of the brain are damaged or destroyed and can no longer produce dopamine, a nerve-signaling molecule that helps control muscle movement. <\/p>\n<p>The new UCLA study is based on 324 cases and 334 control subjects that contributed risk factor and genetic data and genotyped for the DAT variants. For residential exposures, the researchers used a GIS computer model based on California state required Pesticide Use Reporting data, land use maps, and residential histories, estimating both <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/maneb.htm\">maneb<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/paraquat.htm\">paraquat<\/a> exposure near study subjects\u2019 homes. Estimates were also calculated for agricultural occupational maneb and paraquat exposure. Fifteen percent of the study subjects are considered both occupationally and residentially highly exposed to maneb and paraquat.<\/p>\n<p>According to the study, an individual can have up to four DAT susceptibility alleles, two copies of the A clade 5\u2019 region and two copies of the 9-repeat 3\u2019VNTR. After assessing the interactions between exposure to both pesticide measures and the number of DAT susceptibility alleles, the researchers find that Parkinson\u2019s patients are more likely to have been exposed to pesticides. High residential exposure to both paraquat and maneb between 1974 and 1999 more than doubled the risk of the disease, while occupational exposure increased the risk around 50 percent. When assessing the cumulative effect of susceptibility alleles, the researchers find a 50 percent increase in risk for carriers of more than two DAT susceptibility alleles as well as an allele dosage effect with increasing number of susceptibility alleles. High residential exposure to maneb and paraquat increased risk almost 3-fold in individuals who have one DAT susceptibility allele and 4.5 fold in those with two or more susceptibility alleles. Researchers do not believe that DAT susceptibility allele(s) are impacting risk for those not exposed to maneb and paraquat.<\/p>\n<p>Paraquat and maneb have previously been linked to Parkinson\u2019s disease. University of Rochester scientists discovered that the synergistic effects of paraquat and maneb target the nigrostriatal dopamine system and indicate progressive neurotoxicity with continuing exposure. Their findings show that while there are no or only marginal effects when these chemicals are administered individually, together they produce synergistic effects when given in combination.  In another study, these researchers again chronically expose mice to a low-level combination of paraquat and maneb, resulting in significant reductions in locomotor activity, levels of striatal dopamine and dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, more so than when exposed individually.<\/p>\n<p>A laboratory study finds that \u201cprenatal exposure to the pesticide maneb produces selective, permanent alterations of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system and enhances adult susceptibility to paraquat exposure.\u201d Additional studies show that exposure to maneb and paraquat during the post-natal and juvenile period causes Parkinson-like declines in dopaminergic neurons and makes the substantia nigra more susceptible to additional exposures in adulthood, \u201csuggesting that developmental exposure to neurtoxicants may be involved in the induction of neurodegenerative disorders and\/or alter the normal aging process.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For more information on pesticides\u2019 link to Parkinson\u2019s disease, see Beyond Pesticides&#8217; report <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/infoservices\/pesticidesandyou\/Spring%202008\/parkinsonscited.pdf\">Pesticides Trigger Parkinson\u2019s Disease<\/a><\/em>. For more on this study, visit <a href=\"http:\/\/www.environmentalhealthnews.org\/ehs\/newscience\/pesticides-plus-genes-up-risk-of-parkinsons\/\"><em>Environmental Health Perspectives<\/em><\/a>.<\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Beyond Pesticides, March 2, 2009) Pesticide exposure and genetic variability in the dopamine transporter (DAT), a protein that plays a central role in dopaminergic neurotransmission of the brain, interact to significantly increase the risk factor for Parkinson\u2019s disease, according to a new study by University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) researchers. The population based case-control study, \u201cDopamine Transporter Genetic Variants and Pesticides in Parkinson\u2019s Disease,\u201d builds on the existing body of evidence of animal data and epidemiological studies that link exposure to pesticides, including gene-pesticide interactions, to Parkinson\u2019s disease. The UCLA researchers, looking at incident Parkinson\u2019s disease cases in three rural counties in Central California, find DAT increases the risk of Parkinson\u2019s when individuals have occupational or residential exposure to pesticides. This is the first epidemiologic study of Parkinson\u2019s disease that relies on pesticide data that is from a record-based source versus recall-based data relying on individuals\u2019 memory. The second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting more than one million people in the U.S., Parkinson\u2019s disease occurs when nerve cells in the substantia nigra region of the brain are damaged or destroyed and can no longer produce dopamine, a nerve-signaling molecule that helps control muscle movement. The new UCLA study is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[36,35,145],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1343","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-maneb","category-paraquat","category-parkinsons"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gene-Pesticide Interactions Linked to Parkinson\u2019s Disease - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson\u2019s-disease\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Gene-Pesticide Interactions Linked to Parkinson\u2019s Disease - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides, March 2, 2009) Pesticide exposure and genetic variability in the dopamine transporter (DAT), a protein that plays a central role in dopaminergic neurotransmission of the brain, interact to significantly increase the risk factor for Parkinson\u2019s disease, according to a new study by University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) researchers. The population based case-control study, \u201cDopamine Transporter Genetic Variants and Pesticides in Parkinson\u2019s Disease,\u201d builds on the existing body of evidence of animal data and epidemiological studies that link exposure to pesticides, including gene-pesticide interactions, to Parkinson\u2019s disease. The UCLA researchers, looking at incident Parkinson\u2019s disease cases in three rural counties in Central California, find DAT increases the risk of Parkinson\u2019s when individuals have occupational or residential exposure to pesticides. This is the first epidemiologic study of Parkinson\u2019s disease that relies on pesticide data that is from a record-based source versus recall-based data relying on individuals\u2019 memory. The second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting more than one million people in the U.S., Parkinson\u2019s disease occurs when nerve cells in the substantia nigra region of the brain are damaged or destroyed and can no longer produce dopamine, a nerve-signaling molecule that helps control muscle movement. The new UCLA study is [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson\u2019s-disease\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2009-03-02T05:47:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2009-05-14T16:02:22+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Beyond Pesticides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ByondPesticides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ByondPesticides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Beyond Pesticides\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Beyond Pesticides\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#\/schema\/person\/1b5c0a0981b549cc5b628770073031f4\"},\"headline\":\"Gene-Pesticide Interactions Linked to Parkinson\u2019s Disease\",\"datePublished\":\"2009-03-02T05:47:29+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2009-05-14T16:02:22+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/\"},\"wordCount\":684,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#organization\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Maneb\",\"Paraquat\",\"Parkinson's\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/03\/gene-pesticide-interactions-linked-to-parkinson%e2%80%99s-disease\/\",\"name\":\"Gene-Pesticide Interactions Linked to Parkinson\u2019s Disease - 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The second most common neurodegenerative disease affecting more than one million people in the U.S., Parkinson\u2019s disease occurs when nerve cells in the substantia nigra region of the brain are damaged or destroyed and can no longer produce dopamine, a nerve-signaling molecule that helps control muscle movement. 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The founders, who established Beyond Pesticides (originally as National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides) as a nonprofit membership organization in 1981, felt that without the existence of such an organized, national network, local, state and national pesticide policy would become, under chemical industry pressure, increasingly unresponsive to public health and environmental concerns. Beyond Pesticides believes that people must have a voice in decisions that affect them directly. We believe decisions should not be made for us by chemical companies or by decision-makers who either do not have all of the facts or refuse to consider them. Learn more about our work, read A Year in Review\u20142021, our accomplishments are your victories! Beyond Pesticides seeks to protect healthy air, water, land, and food for ourselves and future generations. By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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