{"id":21305,"date":"2017-09-29T00:00:58","date_gmt":"2017-09-29T04:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=21305"},"modified":"2017-10-02T09:34:31","modified_gmt":"2017-10-02T13:34:31","slug":"study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/","title":{"rendered":"Study Shows Climate Change Threatens Soil Organisms Essential to Life"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, September 29, 2017) Protect polar bears and \u201cbig charismatic wildlife!\u201d\u00a0 But do not ignore the microscopic organisms essential to ecological \"\"sustainability. That is the take from a\u00a0new study<\/a>\u00a0at University of California Berkeley, which, for the first time, links global climate change to the loss of a \u201cshockingly high\u201d number of critical microbial species essential to ecological systems, biodiversity, and organic land management<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Other studies link chemical-intensive agriculture, and its reliance on petroleum-based substances, to adverse effects on soil organisms<\/a> and insects and birds<\/a> essential to ecological balance, while indicating the importance of organic management practices in protecting biodiversity and curtailing global climate change.<\/p>\n

As stated in the study, \u201cModels predict that up to 30% of parasitic worms are committed to extinction, driven by a combination of direct and indirect pressures.\u201d\u00a0 Furthermore, for those species \u201csuccessfully tracking climate change,\u201d the search for food and water, in once unavailable habitat, will cause them to \u201cinvade\u201d and to \u201creplace\u201d native plants and animals with \u201cunpredictable ecological consequences.\u201d<\/p>\n

Lead author of the study, Ph.D. candidate Colin Carlson, states that for symbiotic parasites, those with numerous beneficial roles, \u201ca loss of suitable habitat\u201d comes as a result of \u201chost-driven coextinctions.\u201d In an interview with Democracy Now, Mr. Carlson spells it out plainly, saying, \u201cFor parasitic species, because they\u2019re dependent on wildlife and because wildlife are already threatened at such a high rate, what we think is going to happen is a pretty high across-the-board extinction rate.\u201d\u00a0 The implications of such ecological disturbances could be truly catastrophic for the human and other species which rely on thriving soils for survival.<\/p>\n

\u201cHow could the scope of these coexstinctions go unnoticed?<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Quite simply: Among humanity\u2019s increasingly sanitized and suburbanized existence, many beneficial insects are still<\/em> only viewed as pests and eradicated as such. As stated in the study, \u201cClimate change is a well-documented driver of both wildlife extinction and disease emergence, but the negative impacts of climate change on parasite diversity are undocumented.\u201d\u00a0 As Mr. Carlson discloses, \u201cPrevious [extinction research] has focused nearly exclusively on free-living biodiversity (especially vertebrates),\u201d while \u201cmany important functional\u2026 [parasitic] groups remain undescribed or are only now being included.\u201d<\/p>\n

Elizabeth Kolbert, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning book \u201cThe Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History,\u201d explains in her writing that in a mass extinction event, \u201c[We] would expect very elevated extinction rates, [ ] across [ ] virtually all groups, including our friends, the parasites.\u201d\u00a0 Ms. Kolbert continues, \u201cWhen [we’re] messing around with the very tiny world that we\u2019re not really paying a lot of attention to\u201d \u2013 the microbial world beneath our feet, streets and tractors \u2013\u201c[we] can get some really, really big impacts that [we] didn\u2019t anticipate\u2026in part because [we] didn\u2019t even know what was going on.\u201d<\/p>\n

Throughout the history of chemical-intensive agriculture, factory farms have failed to recognize the soil as the living superorganism, supporting plant life as part of an ecological community.\u00a0 To quote Jenny Hopkinson, author of the article Can American soil be brought back to life<\/a>?<\/em>\u00a0 \u2013\u00a0 \u201cFor generations, soil has been treated almost as a backdrop \u2014not much more than a medium for holding plants while fertilizer and herbicides<\/a>\u00a0help them grow. The result, over the years, has been poorer and drier topsoil that doesn\u2019t hold on to nutrients or water.\u201d Consequently, these microbial species \u201cfacing extinction and redistribution\u201d have been living under stress as a result of the human species\u2019 relentless disregard for their wellbeing.<\/p>\n

\u201cWhy are all these microbes and parasites so important?<\/em>\u201d<\/p>\n

Geologist David Montgomery,Ph.D.<\/a>\u00a0explains how microbial life<\/a> is in fact \u201cvery nutrient rich\u2014rich in nitrogen, rich in phosphorus, and rich in the micronutrients that all life forms need.\u201d Citing \u201ca biological bazaar,\u201d Dr. Montgomery states that farmland without a vibrant microbial network<\/a>\u00a0does not have soil.\u00a0 It has \u201cdead dirt.\u201d<\/p>\n

To achieve \u201cincredibly rich, dark, fertile soil,\u201d in which microbes, bacteria, and fungi thrive, Dr. Montgomery recommends that farmers and gardeners actively accrue and apply \u201corganic matter\u201d \u2013what used to be living matter (e.g., leaves, mulch, compost) \u2013 in whatever form they can find.\u00a0 This process of soil restoration, says Dr. Montgomery, nourishes the rhizosphere, or \u201cthat zone around the root system of a plant that is incredibly rich with life,\u201d and is, he concludes: \u201cone of the most life-dense zones on the planet.\u201d<\/p>\n

Describing the significance of Earth\u2019s microbial-motherboard, Dr. Montgomery states, \u201cWhen nematodes and microarthropods can graze on and consume these smaller creatures, which [are] then being consumed by larger creatures,\u201d what results is the depositing of soil nutrients \u201cthat can be fairly good fertilizer.\u201d\u00a0 Moreover, says Dr. Montgomery, these microbes, or \u201ctiny grazing animals,\u201d if fed and cultivated, are in every sense \u201cmanuring the soil from the inside out.\u201d<\/p>\n

However, as was mentioned in Climate Change Consequences and the Organic Response<\/em><\/a> for those committed to chemical intensive practices, \u201cproblems which are rooted in the soil are now being attributed to lack of synthetic fertilizer, insufficient genetically modified food crop varieties, and lack of pesticide availability.\u201d<\/p>\n

Due to increased reliance on chemical cure-alls, conventionally farmed topsoil in the U.S. is experiencing a grave reduction in organic matter and, more broadly, therefore, losing its ability to retain water and the essential nutrients which sustain the broad range of parasitic partners.<\/p>\n

Increasing soil organic matter for the soil\u2019s carbon bank is a principle goal of organic agriculture. Organic agriculture relies on the carbon bank and stimulated soil microbial communities to increase soil fertility, improve plant health, and support competitive crop yields. This approach utilizes the natural carbon cycle to eliminate “the use of purchased synthetic inputs, increase energy resource efficiency, improve economic returns for farmers, and reduce toxic effects of fertilizers and pesticides on human health and the environment.\u201d<\/p>\n

Buying local-organic is the best approach to eliminate the application of toxic chemicals because their direct affect on soil biology and because of the contribution that the toxic chemical use makes to climate change. (Talk to the farmers in your neck of the woods!)\u00a0 To restore soil health and preserve the microbes and parasites under threat, talk to your neighbors and elected officials<\/a>\u00a0about stopping toxic pesticide use, the importance of organic land management, restoration of riparian buffers along your nearby lakes and streams, and the use of hedgerows <\/a>as integral to land management. All of this contributes significantly to carbon sequestration and ultimately is critical to stopping the escalating rate of climate change. Start a community garden, or food scrap compost station. See what you can do to nurture the soil in your own backyard.\u00a0 In the words of author and nature writer Barry Lopez, \u201cGo local. Go deep.\u201d<\/p>\n

All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><\/p>\n

Source:\u00a0Parasite biodiversity faces extinction and redistribution in a changing climate<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides, September 29, 2017) Protect polar bears and \u201cbig charismatic wildlife!\u201d\u00a0 But do not ignore the microscopic organisms essential to ecological sustainability. That is the take from a\u00a0new study\u00a0at University of California Berkeley, which, for the first time, links global climate change to the loss of a \u201cshockingly high\u201d number of critical microbial species essential to ecological systems, biodiversity, and organic land management. Other studies link chemical-intensive agriculture, and its reliance on petroleum-based substances, to adverse effects on soil organisms and insects and birds essential to ecological balance, while indicating the importance of organic management practices in protecting biodiversity and curtailing global climate change. As stated in the study, \u201cModels predict that up to 30% of parasitic worms are committed to extinction, driven by a combination of direct and indirect pressures.\u201d\u00a0 Furthermore, for those species \u201csuccessfully tracking climate change,\u201d the search for food and water, in once unavailable habitat, will cause them to \u201cinvade\u201d and to \u201creplace\u201d native plants and animals with \u201cunpredictable ecological consequences.\u201d Lead author of the study, Ph.D. candidate Colin Carlson, states that for symbiotic parasites, those with numerous beneficial roles, \u201ca loss of suitable habitat\u201d comes as a result of \u201chost-driven coextinctions.\u201d In an interview […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[249,352,54,369,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21305","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agriculture","category-biodiversity","category-climate-change","category-microbiata","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"\nStudy Shows Climate Change Threatens Soil Organisms Essential to Life - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Study Shows Climate Change Threatens Soil Organisms Essential to Life - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides, September 29, 2017) Protect polar bears and \u201cbig charismatic wildlife!\u201d\u00a0 But do not ignore the microscopic organisms essential to ecological sustainability. That is the take from a\u00a0new study\u00a0at University of California Berkeley, which, for the first time, links global climate change to the loss of a \u201cshockingly high\u201d number of critical microbial species essential to ecological systems, biodiversity, and organic land management. Other studies link chemical-intensive agriculture, and its reliance on petroleum-based substances, to adverse effects on soil organisms and insects and birds essential to ecological balance, while indicating the importance of organic management practices in protecting biodiversity and curtailing global climate change. 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That is the take from a\u00a0new study\u00a0at University of California Berkeley, which, for the first time, links global climate change to the loss of a \u201cshockingly high\u201d number of critical microbial species essential to ecological systems, biodiversity, and organic land management. Other studies link chemical-intensive agriculture, and its reliance on petroleum-based substances, to adverse effects on soil organisms and insects and birds essential to ecological balance, while indicating the importance of organic management practices in protecting biodiversity and curtailing global climate change. As stated in the study, \u201cModels predict that up to 30% of parasitic worms are committed to extinction, driven by a combination of direct and indirect pressures.\u201d\u00a0 Furthermore, for those species \u201csuccessfully tracking climate change,\u201d the search for food and water, in once unavailable habitat, will cause them to \u201cinvade\u201d and to \u201creplace\u201d native plants and animals with \u201cunpredictable ecological consequences.\u201d Lead author of the study, Ph.D. candidate Colin Carlson, states that for symbiotic parasites, those with numerous beneficial roles, \u201ca loss of suitable habitat\u201d comes as a result of \u201chost-driven coextinctions.\u201d In an interview […]","og_url":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/","og_site_name":"Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides\/","article_published_time":"2017-09-29T04:00:58+00:00","article_modified_time":"2017-10-02T13:34:31+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/988fc0b0320fdfde5943c6a663801591-environmental-issues-food-tips-261x300.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Beyond Pesticides","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@ByondPesticides","twitter_site":"@ByondPesticides","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Beyond Pesticides","Est. reading time":"6 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/"},"author":{"name":"Beyond Pesticides","@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#\/schema\/person\/1b5c0a0981b549cc5b628770073031f4"},"headline":"Study Shows Climate Change Threatens Soil Organisms Essential to Life","datePublished":"2017-09-29T04:00:58+00:00","dateModified":"2017-10-02T13:34:31+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/"},"wordCount":1139,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/988fc0b0320fdfde5943c6a663801591-environmental-issues-food-tips-261x300.jpg","articleSection":["Agriculture","Biodiversity","Climate Change","Microbiata"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/","url":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2017\/09\/study-shows-climate-change-threatens-soil-organisms-essential-life\/","name":"Study Shows Climate Change Threatens Soil Organisms Essential to Life - 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By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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