{"id":2627,"date":"2009-11-03T07:12:44","date_gmt":"2009-11-03T11:12:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=2627"},"modified":"2014-02-06T10:26:53","modified_gmt":"2014-02-06T14:26:53","slug":"bee-die-offs-linked-to-pesticide-mixtures-window-of-exposure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/11\/bee-die-offs-linked-to-pesticide-mixtures-window-of-exposure\/","title":{"rendered":"Bee Die-Offs Linked to Pesticide Mixtures, Window of Exposure"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: small;\">(<em>Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, November 3, 2009) Research by scientists at the University of Florida (UF) links Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), the widespread disappearance of honey bees that has killed off more than a third of commercial honey bees in the U.S., to larval exposure to a cocktail of frequently used pesticides. Led by UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences bee specialist Jamie Ellis, PhD, the researchers have finished a first round of testing on bee larvae exposed to the pesticides most commonly found in bee hives. The results were presented on October 22 at a meeting of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nappc.org\/\">North American Pollinator Protection Campaign<\/a> (NAPPC), which funded the study.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The work gives insight into how the larvae react to these pesticides, which are usually only tested on adult bees, and sets the stage for the researchers to test the bees&#8217; reaction to combinations of these pesticides. Just like mixing the wrong medications can have deadly and unpredictable results in humans, chemical mixtures pose a quandary for the bee industry. Bees are commonly exposed to multiple pesticides that are either applied to or nearby their hives.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBeeswax, honey and pollen can contain low mixtures of fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides. The larvae develop in the presence of and consume these mixtures,\u201d Dr. Ellis said. \u201cAny one of these pesticides may not be that harmful to the developing larvae. However, it is possible that combinations of the pesticides can interact.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The work is among the first to look at such combinations of chemicals introduced at the larval stage. The study examines the individual effects of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides commonly found in bee hives (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/chlorothalonil.htm\">chlorothalonil<\/a>, mycobutanil, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/simazine.htm\">simazine<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/glyphosate.htm\">glyphosate<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/chlorpyrifos.htm\">chlorpyrifos<\/a>, coumaphos, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/fluvalinate.htm\">fluvanlinate<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/imidacloprid.htm\">imidacloprid<\/a> and amitraz). To study these pesticides, the researchers transferred individual larvae to special containers where they were given a typical diet containing a dose of the pesticide.<\/p>\n<p>Some of the pesticides yielded surprising results. For example, the bees seemed to show an erratic response to coumaphos and fluvalinate, which are commonly used to kill hive-infecting Varroa mites. This could mean that some bees have become resistant to the pesticide while others have not, said Mike Scharf, PhD, a UF entomologist and co-primary investigator on the project.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s a really complex and unpredictable interaction of chemicals and genetics at play,\u201d Dr. Scharf said. Even more so, he added, when the bees are exposed at the larval stage. Pesticide exposure at this developmental stage could have significant effects on the adult bees.<\/p>\n<p>Later research will reintroduce these adult bees into the hive to see how the pesticide-exposed bees react to common stressors, such as Varroa mites and bacterial infections.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt is going to be a lot of work to run through all these scenarios, but at the end of the day, it\u2019s the only way to really find out how all these factors come together,\u201d Dr. Ellis said. \u201cIt\u2019s worth the work. Bees are a fundamental part of our ecosystem and our food chain.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Ellis says the research will be submitted for publication by the end of the year.<\/p>\n<p>Research is ongoing as to the cause of the CCD phenomenon, but pesticides, especially neonictinoids, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/imidacloprid.htm\">imidacloprid<\/a>, have been implicated. CCD can be especially devastating since honeybees are essential pollinators of crops that constitute over one third of the U.S. food supply or $15 billion worth of food. For more information on pollinators and CCD, read our factsheet: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/infoservices\/pesticidesandyou\/Fall08\/pollinators.pdf\">Pollinators and Pesticides: Escalating crisis demands action<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>Beyond Pesticides believes that pesticides are likely to be a part of the CCD equation and a precautionary approach must be taken. Solutions to the loss of bees and human productivity are clearly within our reach if we engage our communities and governmental bodies. We know how to live in harmony with the ecosystem through the adoption of sustainable practices that simply do not allow toxic pesticide use. Because our survival depends on healthy pollinators, we must do everything in our power to solve this problem. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Read other Daily News Blog postings on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?cat=93\">pollinators and pesticides<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Take Action:<\/strong> Email <a href=\"mailto:jackson.lisap@epa.gov\">EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson<\/a> and tell EPA to take a precautionary approach regarding pesticides that kill or have sublethal impacts on bees and other pollinators.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Beyond Pesticides, November 3, 2009) Research by scientists at the University of Florida (UF) links Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), the widespread disappearance of honey bees that has killed off more than a third of commercial honey bees in the U.S., to larval exposure to a cocktail of frequently used pesticides. Led by UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences bee specialist Jamie Ellis, PhD, the researchers have finished a first round of testing on bee larvae exposed to the pesticides most commonly found in bee hives. The results were presented on October 22 at a meeting of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC), which funded the study. The work gives insight into how the larvae react to these pesticides, which are usually only tested on adult bees, and sets the stage for the researchers to test the bees&#8217; reaction to combinations of these pesticides. Just like mixing the wrong medications can have deadly and unpredictable results in humans, chemical mixtures pose a quandary for the bee industry. Bees are commonly exposed to multiple pesticides that are either applied to or nearby their hives. \u201cBeeswax, honey and pollen can contain low mixtures of fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides. The larvae develop [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,22,33,104,331,41,71,211,93,187],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-chemicals","category-chlorothalonil","category-chlorpyrifos","category-coumaphos","category-fluvalinate-chemicals","category-glyphosate","category-imidacloprid","category-myclobutanil","category-pollinators","category-simazine"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Bee Die-Offs Linked to Pesticide Mixtures, Window of Exposure  - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2009\/11\/bee-die-offs-linked-to-pesticide-mixtures-window-of-exposure\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bee Die-Offs Linked to Pesticide Mixtures, Window of Exposure  - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides, November 3, 2009) Research by scientists at the University of Florida (UF) links Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD), the widespread disappearance of honey bees that has killed off more than a third of commercial honey bees in the U.S., to larval exposure to a cocktail of frequently used pesticides. Led by UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences bee specialist Jamie Ellis, PhD, the researchers have finished a first round of testing on bee larvae exposed to the pesticides most commonly found in bee hives. The results were presented on October 22 at a meeting of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC), which funded the study. The work gives insight into how the larvae react to these pesticides, which are usually only tested on adult bees, and sets the stage for the researchers to test the bees&#8217; reaction to combinations of these pesticides. Just like mixing the wrong medications can have deadly and unpredictable results in humans, chemical mixtures pose a quandary for the bee industry. Bees are commonly exposed to multiple pesticides that are either applied to or nearby their hives. \u201cBeeswax, honey and pollen can contain low mixtures of fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides. 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Led by UF Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences bee specialist Jamie Ellis, PhD, the researchers have finished a first round of testing on bee larvae exposed to the pesticides most commonly found in bee hives. The results were presented on October 22 at a meeting of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC), which funded the study. The work gives insight into how the larvae react to these pesticides, which are usually only tested on adult bees, and sets the stage for the researchers to test the bees&#8217; reaction to combinations of these pesticides. Just like mixing the wrong medications can have deadly and unpredictable results in humans, chemical mixtures pose a quandary for the bee industry. Bees are commonly exposed to multiple pesticides that are either applied to or nearby their hives. \u201cBeeswax, honey and pollen can contain low mixtures of fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides. 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The founders, who established Beyond Pesticides (originally as National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides) as a nonprofit membership organization in 1981, felt that without the existence of such an organized, national network, local, state and national pesticide policy would become, under chemical industry pressure, increasingly unresponsive to public health and environmental concerns. Beyond Pesticides believes that people must have a voice in decisions that affect them directly. We believe decisions should not be made for us by chemical companies or by decision-makers who either do not have all of the facts or refuse to consider them. Learn more about our work, read A Year in Review\u20142021, our accomplishments are your victories! Beyond Pesticides seeks to protect healthy air, water, land, and food for ourselves and future generations. By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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