{"id":31224,"date":"2022-06-24T00:01:41","date_gmt":"2022-06-24T04:01:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=31224"},"modified":"2022-06-23T17:54:41","modified_gmt":"2022-06-23T21:54:41","slug":"court-order-leads-to-epa-finding-that-neonicotinoid-pesticides-are-a-serious-threat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/06\/court-order-leads-to-epa-finding-that-neonicotinoid-pesticides-are-a-serious-threat\/","title":{"rendered":"Court Order Leads to EPA Finding that Neonicotinoid Pesticides Are a Serious Threat"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>(<em>Beyond Pesticides,\u00a0<\/em>June 24, 2022) <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/6656\/epa-admits-grave-harm-to-hundreds-of-endangered-species-from-neonicotinoid-insecticides#:~:text=The%20determinations%20mark%20the%20first,George%20Kimbrell%2C%20CFS%20legal%20director.\">As reported by the Center for Food Safety<\/a> (CFS), on June 16 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pesticides\/epa-finalizes-biological-evaluations-assessing-potential-effects-three-neonicotinoid\">final Biological Evaluations<\/a>, for three neonicotinoid insecticides, that indicate that these pesticides are \u201clikely to adversely affect\u201d the vast majority of endangered or threatened species and\/or their designated critical habitats. These evaluations for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/resources\/pesticide-gateway?pesticideid=39\">imidacloprid<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/resources\/pesticide-gateway?pesticideid=121\">clothianidin<\/a>, and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/resources\/pesticide-gateway?pesticideid=289\">thiamethoxam<\/a> have been a long time coming, and represent, according to the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biologicaldiversity.org\/\">Center for Biological Diversity<\/a> (CBD), the first time EPA \u201chas completed biological evaluations of any neonicotinoids\u2019 harms to the nation\u2019s most imperiled plants and animals.\u201d These evaluations evidence what CFS, CBD, Beyond Pesticides, and others have maintained for years: that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/programs\/bee-protective-pollinators-and-pesticides\/chemicals-implicated\">neonicotinoid compounds are very serious threats<\/a> to the survival and well-being of myriad organisms and habitats.<\/p>\r\n<p>A Biological Evaluation (BE) is an EPA analysis of potential harmful impacts of a registered pesticide on any species federally listed, per the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fws.gov\/law\/endangered-species-act#:~:text=The%20Endangered%20Species%20Act%20prohibits,implementing%20plans%20for%20their%20recovery%3B\">Endangered Species Act<\/a>, as endangered or threatened, or on their critical habitats. EPA was legally required to issue the determinations by the June 2022 deadline, per CFS <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/4940\/cfs-victory-court-holds-bee-killing-pesticide-approvals-violated-the-law\">litigation<\/a>\u00a0and a subsequent 2019\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/6443\/pursuant-to-cfs-litigation-settlement-epa-releases-evaluations-showing-severe-risk-to-endangered-species-from-neonic-pesticides\">legal settlement<\/a>. EPA was the defendant in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/4940\/cfs-victory-court-holds-bee-killing-pesticide-approvals-violated-the-law\">2017 litigation<\/a> brought by CFS, with Beyond Pesticides, several beekeepers, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/ceh.org\/\">Center for Environmental Health<\/a> as co-plaintiffs.<\/p>\r\n<p>The original suit charged that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/4940\/cfs-victory-court-holds-bee-killing-pesticide-approvals-violated-the-law\">EPA had violated the Endangered Species Act<\/a> (ESA) when it registered these neonicotinoid (neonic) pesticides. <a href=\"https:\/\/biologicaldiversity.org\/w\/news\/press-releases\/epa-confirms-three-widely-used-neonicotinoid-pesticides-likely-harm-vast-majority-of-endangered-plants-animals-2022-06-16\/#:~:text=Species%20found%20to%20be%20harmed,long%2Deared%20bats%20and%20orcas.\">CBD has written<\/a> that EPA has, for decades, essentially not complied with its obligations under ESA \u201cto assess pesticides\u2019 harms to protected species. The agency was finally forced to do these evaluation under the terms of legal agreements with the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.agri-pulse.com\/articles\/12245-neonicotinoid-makers-enviros-both-applaud-settlement\">Center for Food Safety<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrdc.org\/resources\/partial-settlement-agreement-re-neonicotinoid-pesticide-imidacloprid\">Natural Resources Defense Council<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2021\/09\/endangered-species-likely-to-be-hard-hit-by-neonicotinoid-insecticides-epa-finds\/\">Beyond Pesticides wrote in 2021<\/a>, \u201cUnder the [ESA], EPA is required to consult with federal wildlife agencies and conduct a biological evaluation of the impacts a pesticide may have on endangered species and their habitats, prior to the agency formally registering the pesticide. This almost never happens. EPA regularly fails to conduct this evaluation, requiring environmental and conservation organizations to sue the agency in order to force compliance with the law. EPA has been subject to a number of legal challenges over the last decade for its failure to comply with ESA when it registered neonic pesticides.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>Neonicotinoids are a class of systemic (i.e., affecting all parts of a plant), neurotoxic insecticides used to \u201ccontrol\u201d a variety of piercing and sucking pests; they make the entire plant toxic, including nectar, pollen, and fruit. The use of neonics has escalated dramatically since the mid-2000s. Largely banned in the European Union (EU), neonics are used extensively in the U.S. <a href=\"https:\/\/biologicaldiversity.org\/w\/news\/press-releases\/epa-confirms-three-widely-used-neonicotinoid-pesticides-likely-harm-vast-majority-of-endangered-plants-animals-2022-06-16\/#:~:text=Species%20found%20to%20be%20harmed,long%2Deared%20bats%20and%20orcas.\">CBD has written<\/a> that \u201chundreds of studies have shown they play a major role in population-level declines of bees, birds, butterflies and freshwater invertebrates. More-recent\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.twincities.com\/2021\/03\/01\/study-shows-widespread-neonicotinoid-exposure-in-minnesota-white-tailed-deer\/\">studies<\/a>\u00a0are showing they cause significant harm to mammals, as well.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>The compounds are deployed through various means, including spraying, soil drenches, injections into trees, and most ubiquitously, as crop seed coatings. Neonics are very persistent in soils, and are readily moved off of target sites through the air, and via water and soil dusts. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/4940\/cfs-victory-court-holds-bee-killing-pesticide-approvals-violated-the-law\">As CFS has noted<\/a>, \u201cAfter seeds coated with neonics are planted, the chemicals spread far beyond the crop they are intended for and can contaminate nearby wildflowers, soil and water \u2014 all of which pose significant threats to bees foraging and nesting in the area. It has been known for several years that these chemicals can kill or weaken more than just the targeted pests. Non-target harm can occur to beneficial invertebrates, as well as to birds and other wildlife, through both direct and indirect effects.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>The \u201cother wildlife\u201d that can be affected, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/6656\/epa-admits-grave-harm-to-hundreds-of-endangered-species-from-neonicotinoid-insecticides#:~:text=The%20determinations%20mark%20the%20first,George%20Kimbrell%2C%20CFS%20legal%20director.\">according to CFS\u2019s announcement<\/a> of the BEs, includes many non-insect organisms. The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2022-06\/faq-neonic.pdf\">final documents released by<\/a>\u00a0EPA indicated that each of the three neonics is \u201clikely to adversely affect\u201d from two-thirds to more than three-fourths of the nation\u2019s endangered species \u2014 a staggering 1,225\u20131,445 discrete species. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/6656\/epa-admits-grave-harm-to-hundreds-of-endangered-species-from-neonicotinoid-insecticides#:~:text=The%20determinations%20mark%20the%20first,George%20Kimbrell%2C%20CFS%20legal%20director.\">CFS point out in its announcement<\/a>, \u201cThis includes all [39 species of] amphibians, and the majority of already endangered fish, birds, and mammals, as well as pollinators and the plants they pollinate. Species found likely to be adversely affected include the Chinook salmon, Florida panther, Indiana bat, whooping crane, California red-legged frog, Karner blue butterfly, yellow larkspur, and many more.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>EPA\u2019s \u201clikely to adversely affect\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pesticides\/epa-finalizes-biological-evaluations-assessing-potential-effects-three-neonicotinoid\">determination means that<\/a> the agency \u201creasonably expects that at least one individual animal or plant, among a variety of listed species, may be exposed to the pesticide at a sufficient level to have an adverse effect.\u201d The BEs of the three neonic insecticides <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pesticides\/epa-finalizes-biological-evaluations-assessing-potential-effects-three-neonicotinoid\">yielded the following results<\/a>, respectively. Clothianidin is likely to adversely affect 67% of species and 56% of critical habitats; imidacloprid is likely to adversely affect 79% of species and 83% of critical habitats; and thiamethoxam is likely to adversely affect 77% species and 81% of critical habitats.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/biologicaldiversity.org\/w\/news\/press-releases\/epa-confirms-three-widely-used-neonicotinoid-pesticides-likely-harm-vast-majority-of-endangered-plants-animals-2022-06-16\/#:~:text=Species%20found%20to%20be%20harmed,long%2Deared%20bats%20and%20orcas.\">CBD\u2019s Environmental Health Director, Lori Ann Burd, commented<\/a>, \u201cThese deeply troubling findings leave no doubt that these dangerous pesticides are silencing the songs of frogs, the flutter of butterfly wings and the buzz of bees. Many of the species harmed by neonicotinoids are experiencing precipitous declines, and [thus], EPA\u2019s choices may well determine whether or not they go extinct. . . . We\u2019re in the midst of a heartbreaking extinction crisis and neonicotinoids are playing an outsized role in driving it. Now that the EPA has completed its analysis, the only question is whether it will muster the courage to stand up to Big Ag and ban these chemicals or will choose to facilitate extinction.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>Industrial agriculture groups, such as the American Soybean Association and the American Farm Bureau Federation, are <a href=\"https:\/\/southeastagnet.com\/2022\/06\/21\/growers-frustrated-epa-regarding-pesticide-impacts\/\">voicing distress at the BEs<\/a>, insisting that \u201cthe evaluations for several neonicotinoid pesticides don\u2019t incorporate scientific and commercial data that could have provided a more realistic picture of the potential impacts of the chemistries on different species. . . . American Soybean Association President Brad Doyle says, \u2018Growers have, time and again, pointed EPA to real-world data to improve their endangered species assessments, and the agency has again chosen to disregard the data.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>EPA perhaps anticipated this reaction when it <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2022-06\/faq-neonic.pdf\">published this in its FAQ on the BEs<\/a>: \u201c<em>Did EPA consider real world pesticide usage data in the final biological evaluations?<\/em> Yes. Under EPA\u2019s Revised Method for conducting biological evaluations, the agency considers real world data on pesticide applications, including how much, when, and where pesticides are applied. EPA evaluates these usage data to determine whether a species is likely or not to be adversely affected by a pesticide (step 2 in EPA\u2019s biological evaluation). Before incorporating usage data, EPA evaluates the quality and relevance of the data to determine their applicability, utility, and soundness. In general, EPA considers the most recent 5 years of usage data to represent current labeled uses.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>In January 2020, EPA issued affirming interim decisions on registration of several neonics (including imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam) despite, <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/03\/environmentalists-outraged-at-probability-that-epa-will-allow-continued-use-of-deadly-pesticides-the-neonicotinoids\/\">as Beyond Pesticides wrote<\/a>, \u201cEPA\u2019s own\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/pollinator-protection\/schedule-review-neonicotinoid-pesticides\">findings<\/a>\u00a0of evidence of serious threats posed by neonicotinoid (neonic) pesticides to pollinators, aquatic invertebrates, and other wildlife, that disregard the science on the pesticides\u2019 impacts . . . it appears that the agency is prepared to finalize these registrations late in 2022.\u201d Then, in August 2021, EPA issued <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2021\/09\/endangered-species-likely-to-be-hard-hit-by-neonicotinoid-insecticides-epa-finds\/\">draft BEs on these three compounds<\/a>, finding that they were likely to \u201cadversely affect over 1,000 endangered species out of 1,821 listed under the law.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/03\/environmentalists-outraged-at-probability-that-epa-will-allow-continued-use-of-deadly-pesticides-the-neonicotinoids\/\">As reported by <em>The Guardian<\/em> in March 2022, it was widely expected<\/a> that the agency would nevertheless allow their continued use \u2014 to great hue and cry from the wildlife, health, and environmental advocacy community. That such huge proportions of species are at risk from use of these neonics \u2014 which EPA knew when it appeared poised to continue to allow their use \u2014 is not only a violation of the intent of the ESA, but also, a biological and moral outrage.<\/p>\r\n<p>The question now is whether the release of these BEs will change EPA\u2019s behavior on neonics. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/system\/files\/documents\/2022-06\/faq-neonic.pdf\">The FAQ the agency published<\/a> offers this: \u201c<em>Could there be additional mitigation measures that EPA may need to adopt to protect threatened and endangered species from these neonicotinoid pesticides?<\/em> Yes, through the registration review of the neonicotinoids, EPA is currently proposing mitigations to protect non-target species. EPA may need to adopt additional mitigations in the future to ensure that the neonicotinoids are not likely to jeopardize listed species or adversely modify their designated critical habitats.\u201d<\/p>\r\n<p>The release of these BEs means, for endangered species and habitats, a far-too-familiar waiting game \u2014 to see what actions EPA will actually take to protect them. To Beyond Pesticides, the agency\u2019s language here sounds concerning \u2014 \u201cmitigations to protect non-target species,\u201d and \u201cadditional mitigations in the future.\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/04\/epa-considers-future-of-bee-toxic-neonic-insecticides-as-scientific-evidence-supports-ban\/\">Beyond Pesticides advocates that EPA ban neonicotinoid insecticides<\/a>.<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/food\/plants\/pesticides\/approval-active-substances\/renewal-approval\/neonicotinoids_en\">The EU banned use<\/a> of imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam in 2013 and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/resources\/pesticide-gateway?pesticideid=316\">thiacloprid<\/a> in 2019. Last year, <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2021\/06\/maine-bans-consumer-use-of-neonicotinoid-insecticides-with-some-exceptions\/\">Maine passed a law prohibiting consumer use<\/a> of neonicotinoid pesticides containing any of these active ingredients \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/resources\/pesticide-gateway?pesticideid=140\">dinotefuran<\/a>, clothianidin, imidacloprid, or thiamethoxam. <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/01\/new-jersey-lawmakers-act-to-protect-pollinators-by-restricting-neonic-pesticides\/\">New York and New Jersey have begun<\/a> restrictions on some uses of neonics; other states, including <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/06\/california-court-bans-state-run-pesticide-spraying-for-failure-to-consider-adverse-impacts\/\">California<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2021\/03\/massachusetts-regulators-restrict-consumer-use-of-bee-toxic-neonicotinoid-pesticides\/\">Massachusetts<\/a>, have made efforts to rein in the use of neonics.<\/p>\r\n<p>Although these local efforts are laudable, they nevertheless represent a piecemeal, fractured approach, across myriad state and local authorities, to restrict use of these highly destructive pesticides. The fix lies with EPA \u2014 to get these out of agriculture, the materials stream, and the environment. Now is not too soon. Please contact EPA Administrator Michael Regan [202.564.4700 or <a href=\"mailto:Regan.Michael@epa.gov\">Regan.Michael@epa.gov<\/a>] and the director of EPA\u2019s Office of Pesticide Programs, Edward Messina [202.566.1245 or messina.edward@epa.gov] to insist on urgency in de-registering these compounds.<\/p>\r\n<p>Sources: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.centerforfoodsafety.org\/press-releases\/6656\/epa-admits-grave-harm-to-hundreds-of-endangered-species-from-neonicotinoid-insecticides#:~:text=The%20determinations%20mark%20the%20first,George%20Kimbrell%2C%20CFS%20legal%20director\">Center for Food Safety press release<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/biologicaldiversity.org\/w\/news\/press-releases\/epa-confirms-three-widely-used-neonicotinoid-pesticides-likely-harm-vast-majority-of-endangered-plants-animals-2022-06-16\/#:~:text=Species%20found%20to%20be%20harmed,long%2Deared%20bats%20and%20orcas\">Center for Biological Diversity press release<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><em>All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Beyond Pesticides,\u00a0June 24, 2022) As reported by the Center for Food Safety (CFS), on June 16 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released final Biological Evaluations, for three neonicotinoid insecticides, that indicate that these pesticides are \u201clikely to adversely affect\u201d the vast majority of endangered or threatened species and\/or their designated critical habitats. These evaluations for imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam have been a long time coming, and represent, according to the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD), the first time EPA \u201chas completed biological evaluations of any neonicotinoids\u2019 harms to the nation\u2019s most imperiled plants and animals.\u201d These evaluations evidence what CFS, CBD, Beyond Pesticides, and others have maintained for years: that neonicotinoid compounds are very serious threats to the survival and well-being of myriad organisms and habitats. A Biological Evaluation (BE) is an EPA analysis of potential harmful impacts of a registered pesticide on any species federally listed, per the\u00a0Endangered Species Act, as endangered or threatened, or on their critical habitats. EPA was legally required to issue the determinations by the June 2022 deadline, per CFS litigation\u00a0and a subsequent 2019\u00a0legal settlement. EPA was the defendant in 2017 litigation brought by CFS, with Beyond Pesticides, several beekeepers, and the Center for Environmental [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":31256,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Court Order Leads to EPA Finding that Neonicotinoid Pesticides Are a Serious Threat - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2022\/06\/court-order-leads-to-epa-finding-that-neonicotinoid-pesticides-are-a-serious-threat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Court Order Leads to EPA Finding that Neonicotinoid Pesticides Are a Serious Threat - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides,\u00a0June 24, 2022) As reported by the Center for Food Safety (CFS), on June 16 the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released final Biological Evaluations, for three neonicotinoid insecticides, that indicate that these pesticides are \u201clikely to adversely affect\u201d the vast majority of endangered or threatened species and\/or their designated critical habitats. These evaluations for imidacloprid, clothianidin, and thiamethoxam have been a long time coming, and represent, according to the Center for Biological Diversity (CBD), the first time EPA \u201chas completed biological evaluations of any neonicotinoids\u2019 harms to the nation\u2019s most imperiled plants and animals.\u201d These evaluations evidence what CFS, CBD, Beyond Pesticides, and others have maintained for years: that neonicotinoid compounds are very serious threats to the survival and well-being of myriad organisms and habitats. A Biological Evaluation (BE) is an EPA analysis of potential harmful impacts of a registered pesticide on any species federally listed, per the\u00a0Endangered Species Act, as endangered or threatened, or on their critical habitats. EPA was legally required to issue the determinations by the June 2022 deadline, per CFS litigation\u00a0and a subsequent 2019\u00a0legal settlement. 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