{"id":32087,"date":"2023-01-04T00:01:10","date_gmt":"2023-01-04T05:01:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=32087"},"modified":"2023-01-11T11:59:14","modified_gmt":"2023-01-11T16:59:14","slug":"neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/","title":{"rendered":"Neonicotinoid Insecticides Add to the Growing List of Chemicals that Transfer between Mother and Fetus"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides,<\/em> January 4, 2022) A study published in Environmental Science and Technology<\/em><\/a>\u00a0<\/em>finds neonicotinoids (neonics) and their breakdown products (metabolites), like other chemical pesticide compounds, can readily transfer from mother to fetus. The\u00a0National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey<\/a>\u00a0(NHANES) finds U.S. pregnant women experience frequent exposure to environmental pollutants that pose serious health risks to both mother and newborn. Many known pollutants (i.e., heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyl, and pesticides) are chemicals that can\u00a0move<\/a>\u00a0from the mother to the developing fetus at higher exposure rates. Hence, prenatal exposure to these chemicals may increase the prevalence of birth-related health consequences like\u00a0natal abnormalities<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0learning\/developmental disabilities<\/a>. Children are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of pesticide exposure as their developing bodies cannot adequately combat exposure effects. Moreover, a mother\u2019s pesticide exposure can have a\u00a0stronger association<\/a>\u00a0with health disorders than childhood exposure, and a newborn can still encounter pesticides. Therefore, it is essential to understand how pesticides impact the health and well-being of individuals during critical developmental periods.<\/p>\n

Beyond Pesticides has covered a variety of pregnancy risks from pesticides and other toxic chemicals, including these in just the last three years:\u00a0<\/em>pesticides and children\u2019s sleep disorders<\/em><\/a>;\u00a0<\/em>prenatal exposures to a multitude of chemicals<\/em><\/a>;\u00a0<\/em>insecticides and childhood leukemia<\/em><\/a>;\u00a0<\/em>insecticides and Attention Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder<\/em><\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

The study evaluated the transplacental transfer rates (TTR) of neonics from mother to fetus via prenatal exposure. Researchers collected 95 paired samples from mothers\u2019 serum (MS) and accompanying (umbilical) cord serum (CS) to measure the levels of five neonics (acetamiprid, imidacloprid, clothianidin, thiacloprid, and thiamethoxam) and two metabolites of acetamiprid and imidacloprid. After calculating the transplacental transfer efficiencies (TTEs) of each neonics and metabolite, researchers focus on three chemical mechanisms: passive diffusion, active transport, and pinocytosis. Lastly, a multilinear regression analysis explores the association between blood biomarkers for neonics in mothers and related birth outcomes among fetuses.<\/p>\n

The most abundant neonic in MS and CS samples is imidacloprid, whereas acetamiprid’s metabolite is the most abundant in CS and MS. Both parent and metabolite neonics have a high TTE, with imidacloprid having the highest transfer rate (1.61). Even the neonic with the lowest TTE of 0.81, thiamethoxam, is within the high TTE range, indicating proficient placental transfer of these chemicals from mother to fetus. Researchers identify that transplacental transfer of these chemicals mainly occurs through passive mechanisms depending on chemical structure. Therefore, neonics like acetamiprid and thiacloprid (known as cyanoamidines) have higher TTE values than neonics like clothianidin and thiamethoxam (known as nitroguanidines). Lastly, the multilinear regression demonstrates that most neonics in MS samples have associations with blood biomarkers related to hepatotoxicity (liver toxicity) and renal (kidney) toxicity.<\/p>\n

Studies\u00a0find<\/a>\u00a0pesticide compounds in the mother\u2019s blood can transfer to the fetus via the umbilical cord. A 2021 study finds pregnant women already\u00a0have over 100 chemicals<\/a>\u00a0in blood and umbilical cord samples, including banned POPs. However, 89 percent of these chemical contaminants are from unidentified sources, lack adequate information, or were not previously detectable in humans. Considering the first few weeks of pregnancy are the most vulnerable periods of fetal development, exposure to toxicants can have much more severe implications. A\u00a02020 study<\/a>\u00a0finds prenatal pesticide exposure can increase the risk of the rare fetal disorder holoprosencephaly. This disorder prevents the embryonic forebrain from developing into two separate hemispheres. Moreover, women living near agricultural areas experience higher exposure rates\u00a0increasing the risk<\/a>\u00a0of neonatal abnormalities like\u00a0acute lymphoblastic leukemia<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Attention-Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Over the past 20 years,\u00a0neonicotinoids<\/a>\u00a0have replaced four major chemical classes of insecticides in the global market (organophosphates, carbamates, phenyl-pyrazoles, and pyrethroids).\u00a0These<\/a>\u00a0systemic agricultural pesticides are highly toxic, resembling nicotine, and affect the central nervous system of insects, resulting in paralysis and death, even at low doses. Like other pesticides, neonics readily contaminate\u00a0water<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0food<\/a>\u00a0resources as traditional wastewater treatments typically fail to remove the chemical from tap water, and the systemic nature of neonics allows the chemical to accumulate within treated plants. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), nearly\u00a0half the U.S. population<\/a>\u00a0encounters at least one type of neonic daily, with children ages three to five having the highest exposure risk. Health impacts of exposure to neonics include\u00a0neurotoxicity<\/a>,\u00a0reproductive disorders, liver\/kidney damage,<\/a>\u00a0and an\u00a0increase in gene expression and enzyme production linked to hormone-dependent breast cancer<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Although previous studies demonstrate pesticide classes like pyrethroids, organophosphate, carbamates, and organochlorines readily transfer from mother to fetus, this study is one of the first to document and identify the occurrence and distribution specific to neonics in MS and CS. This conclusion supports long-known concepts regarding the\u00a0hazards of pesticides for children\u2019s health.<\/a>\u00a0Early life exposures during \u201ccritical windows of vulnerability\u201d can predict the likelihood or otherwise increase the chances of an individual encountering a range of pernicious diseases. In addition to findings on learning and development, early life exposures have links to increased risks of\u00a0cancer<\/a>,\u00a0asthma<\/a>,\u00a0birth disorders<\/a>, among others. Thus, a\u00a0parent\u2019s exposure<\/a>\u00a0to pesticides during these critical periods indicates an increased risk in childhood disease.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Pesticide exposure not only poses a risk to mothers and their subsequent offspring but also\u00a0to future generations<\/a>. Current-use pesticides and metabolites (or breakdown products) of many long-banned pesticides still impart adverse effects on human health. These negative effects can continue into childhood and adulthood and may have multigenerational consequences. Researchers at Drexel University\u00a0report<\/a>\u00a0that higher levels of some organochlorine compounds, like DDT, during pregnancy are associated with\u00a0autism spectrum disorder<\/a>\u00a0(ASD) and intellectual disabilities. Although the United States bans many\u00a0organochlorine compounds<\/a>, the ongoing poisoning and contamination underscore how pervasive and persistent these chemicals are and their continued adverse impact on human health. Moreover, these exposures have real, tangible effects on society. Environmental disease in children\u00a0costs an estimated $76.8 billion annually<\/a>. Exposure that harms learning and development also\u00a0impact future economic growth in the form of lost brain power<\/a>, racking up a debt to society in the hundreds of billions of dollars.<\/p>\n

The study concludes, \u201cThis is the first study to associate maternal hematological parameters with p-NEOs [parent neonics] or their metabolites in MS, and further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm our findings. [\u2026]A recent study reported that urinary IMI\u00a0 [imidacloprid] and ACE [acetamiprid] concentrations in pregnant women (n<\/em>\u00a0= 296) were significantly negatively associated with neonatal HC. This finding implied the influence of NEOs on cognitive and neurologic development in neonates.\u201d<\/p>\n

There is a\u00a0strong consensus among pediatricians<\/a>\u00a0that pregnant mothers and young children should avoid pesticide exposure during critical windows of development. However, the general population should follow this advice as the effects of pesticide exposure can affect every individual. Beyond Pesticides tracks the most recent studies on pesticide exposure through the\u00a0Pesticide Induced Diseases Database (PIDD)<\/a>. This database supports the need for strategic action to shift away from pesticide dependency. For more information on the multiple harms of pesticide exposure, see PIDD pages on\u00a0learning\/developmental disorders<\/a>,\u00a0Birth\/Fetal Effects<\/a>,\u00a0Sexual and Reproductive Dysfunction<\/a>,\u00a0Body Burdens<\/a>, and other diseases.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Fortunately, the\u00a0wide availability of non-pesticidal alternative strategies<\/a>\u00a0allows for choices in residential and agricultural management to promote a safe and healthy environment, especially among chemically vulnerable individuals. For instance,\u00a0buying<\/a>,\u00a0growing<\/a>, and\u00a0supporting organic<\/a>\u00a0land management reduces human and environmental contamination from pesticides. Organic agriculture has many\u00a0health<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0environmental<\/a>\u00a0benefits, which curtail the need for chemical-intensive agricultural practices. Numerous studies find that\u00a0pesticide metabolite levels in urine significantly decrease<\/a>\u00a0when switching to an all-organic diet. For more information on how organic is the right choice for both consumers and the farmworkers that grow our food, see the Beyond Pesticides webpage on\u00a0the Health Benefits of Organic Agriculture<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Organic agriculture represents a safer, healthier approach to crop production that does not necessitate toxic pesticide use. Beyond Pesticides encourages farmers to embrace and consumers to support\u00a0regenerative, organic<\/a>\u00a0practices. A compliment to buying organic is contacting\u00a0various organic farming organizations<\/a>\u00a0to learn more about what you can do. Additionally, learn more about the hazards posed to children\u2019s health through Beyond Pesticide\u2019s\u00a0Pesticide and You<\/em><\/a>\u00a0Journal article, \u201cChildren and Pesticides Don\u2019t Mix<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><\/p>\n

Source: Environmental Science and Technology<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides, January 4, 2022) A study published in Environmental Science and Technology\u00a0finds neonicotinoids (neonics) and their breakdown products (metabolites), like other chemical pesticide compounds, can readily transfer from mother to fetus. The\u00a0National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey\u00a0(NHANES) finds U.S. pregnant women experience frequent exposure to environmental pollutants that pose serious health risks to both mother and newborn. Many known pollutants (i.e., heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyl, and pesticides) are chemicals that can\u00a0move\u00a0from the mother to the developing fetus at higher exposure rates. Hence, prenatal exposure to these chemicals may increase the prevalence of birth-related health consequences like\u00a0natal abnormalities\u00a0and\u00a0learning\/developmental disabilities. Children are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of pesticide exposure as their developing bodies cannot adequately combat exposure effects. Moreover, a mother\u2019s pesticide exposure can have a\u00a0stronger association\u00a0with health disorders than childhood exposure, and a newborn can still encounter pesticides. Therefore, it is essential to understand how pesticides impact the health and well-being of individuals during critical developmental periods. Beyond Pesticides has covered a variety of pregnancy risks from pesticides and other toxic chemicals, including these in just the last three years:\u00a0pesticides and children\u2019s sleep disorders;\u00a0prenatal exposures to a multitude of chemicals;\u00a0insecticides and childhood leukemia;\u00a0insecticides and Attention Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder. The study […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":32102,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[144,371,274,328,527],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32087","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-birth-defects","category-children","category-learning-disabilities","category-neonicotinoids","category-womens-health"],"yoast_head":"\nNeonicotinoid Insecticides Add to the Growing List of Chemicals that Transfer between Mother and Fetus - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Neonicotinoid Insecticides Add to the Growing List of Chemicals that Transfer between Mother and Fetus - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides, January 4, 2022) A study published in Environmental Science and Technology\u00a0finds neonicotinoids (neonics) and their breakdown products (metabolites), like other chemical pesticide compounds, can readily transfer from mother to fetus. The\u00a0National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey\u00a0(NHANES) finds U.S. pregnant women experience frequent exposure to environmental pollutants that pose serious health risks to both mother and newborn. Many known pollutants (i.e., heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyl, and pesticides) are chemicals that can\u00a0move\u00a0from the mother to the developing fetus at higher exposure rates. Hence, prenatal exposure to these chemicals may increase the prevalence of birth-related health consequences like\u00a0natal abnormalities\u00a0and\u00a0learning\/developmental disabilities. Children are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of pesticide exposure as their developing bodies cannot adequately combat exposure effects. Moreover, a mother\u2019s pesticide exposure can have a\u00a0stronger association\u00a0with health disorders than childhood exposure, and a newborn can still encounter pesticides. 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The\u00a0National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey\u00a0(NHANES) finds U.S. pregnant women experience frequent exposure to environmental pollutants that pose serious health risks to both mother and newborn. Many known pollutants (i.e., heavy metals, polychlorinated biphenyl, and pesticides) are chemicals that can\u00a0move\u00a0from the mother to the developing fetus at higher exposure rates. Hence, prenatal exposure to these chemicals may increase the prevalence of birth-related health consequences like\u00a0natal abnormalities\u00a0and\u00a0learning\/developmental disabilities. Children are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of pesticide exposure as their developing bodies cannot adequately combat exposure effects. Moreover, a mother\u2019s pesticide exposure can have a\u00a0stronger association\u00a0with health disorders than childhood exposure, and a newborn can still encounter pesticides. Therefore, it is essential to understand how pesticides impact the health and well-being of individuals during critical developmental periods. Beyond Pesticides has covered a variety of pregnancy risks from pesticides and other toxic chemicals, including these in just the last three years:\u00a0pesticides and children\u2019s sleep disorders;\u00a0prenatal exposures to a multitude of chemicals;\u00a0insecticides and childhood leukemia;\u00a0insecticides and Attention Deficit\/Hyperactivity Disorder. The study […]","og_url":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/","og_site_name":"Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides\/","article_published_time":"2023-01-04T05:01:10+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-01-11T16:59:14+00:00","og_image":[{"width":600,"height":340,"url":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/neonics-and-Mother-Offspring-chemical-transfer.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"Beyond Pesticides","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@ByondPesticides","twitter_site":"@ByondPesticides","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Beyond Pesticides","Est. reading time":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/"},"author":{"name":"Beyond Pesticides","@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#\/schema\/person\/1b5c0a0981b549cc5b628770073031f4"},"headline":"Neonicotinoid Insecticides Add to the Growing List of Chemicals that Transfer between Mother and Fetus","datePublished":"2023-01-04T05:01:10+00:00","dateModified":"2023-01-11T16:59:14+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/"},"wordCount":1385,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/neonics-and-Mother-Offspring-chemical-transfer.png","articleSection":["Birth defects","Children","Learning Disabilities","neonicotinoids","Women's Health"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/","url":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2023\/01\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-add-to-the-growing-list-of-chemicals-that-transfer-between-mother-and-fetus\/","name":"Neonicotinoid Insecticides Add to the Growing List of Chemicals that Transfer between Mother and Fetus - 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By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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