{"id":34357,"date":"2024-01-19T00:01:23","date_gmt":"2024-01-19T05:01:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=34357"},"modified":"2024-01-18T17:04:40","modified_gmt":"2024-01-18T22:04:40","slug":"study-shines-light-on-common-herbicides-24-d-and-glyphosate-impacts-on-behavioral-function","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/01\/study-shines-light-on-common-herbicides-24-d-and-glyphosate-impacts-on-behavioral-function\/","title":{"rendered":"Study Shines Light on Common Herbicides 2,4-D and Glyphosate Impacts on Behavioral Function"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides, <\/em>January 19, 2024) A study published in Environmental Health Perspective<\/em><\/a> is one of the first to indicate a link between exposure to the herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate and the impairment of behavioral performance (i.e., attention\/inhibitory control, memory\/learning, language, visuospatial processing, and social perception). These adverse effects associated with the neurotoxic impacts of pesticides on behavior have been previously documented. For example, a study in August 2023<\/a> finds oral intake (e.g., eating contaminated foods), inhalation, and dermal exposure to glyphosate lowered cognitive function scores, increased the likelihood of severe depressive symptoms, and impaired auditory (hearing) function.\u00a0Although previous studies find neurotoxic<\/a> effects from exposure to these herbicides, very few until now have evaluated how this neurotoxic exposure impacts neurotypical behavior<\/a> among youth (children and teenagers).<\/p>\n

The ubiquitous use of glyphosate<\/a> and 2,4-D<\/a> use in agriculture\u2014which leaves residues of the toxic chemicals in food and in public areas (e.g., parks and walkways) creates a creates a significant risk for exposure. Glyphosate is\u00a0already implicated in or proven to lead to the development of numerous health anomalies,<\/a>\u00a0including\u00a0cancer<\/a>, while 2,4-D also has a range of potential hazards, including cancer<\/a>. Therefore, studies like this help local and government officials make holistic decisions regarding the use of pesticides that adversely affect human health, especially among adolescents.<\/p>\n

Principal investigator Jos\u00e9 Ricardo Suarez-Lopez, MD, PhD, associate professor at the Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD), expresses the importance of studying these pesticides for other effects like hormone disruption, mental health, inflammation, and additional health systems<\/a>, and says, \u201cOur study will allow us to evaluate the toxicity potential of these and other chemicals assessed from childhood through adulthood.\u201d<\/p>\n

The neurological system, including the brain, spinal cord, and a vast network of nerves and neurons, is responsible for many bodily functions\u2014from behavior to movement.\u00a0However, pesticides play various roles in causing or exacerbating adverse health outcomes<\/a>, including neurotoxic effects and chemical damage to the brain. Numerous pesticides impair neurological function, especially for chronically exposed individuals (e.g., farmworkers) or during critical windows of vulnerability and development (e.g., childhood, pregnancy).<\/p>\n

The study evaluates 519 adolescent individuals between the ages of 11 and 17 years, living in Ecuadorian agricultural communities for concentration of glyphosate, two N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), 2,4-D, and their metabolites (breakdown products) in urine samples. Upon collection of samples, researchers also assess the neurobehavioral performance of the adolescent participants through five areas: attention\/inhibitory control, memory\/learning, language, visuospatial processing, and social perception. Overall, glyphosate is detectable in 98.3 percent of participant urine samples, 2,4-D in 66.2 percent of participants, and DCBA (the metabolite of DEET) in 63.3 percent of participants. Although DEET lacks an association with neurobehavioral performance in this study, 2,4-D and glyphosate are negatively associated with neurobehavioral performance. 2,4-D has the highest association with negative neurobehavioral performance for all five areas, with the most significant impacts on attention\/inhibition control, language, and memory\/learning, respectively. On the other hand, glyphosate only has a significant negative association with social perception. Unlike previous studies, these chemicals do not impact neurobehavioral differences among gender and adrenal hormone function.<\/p>\n

Glyphosate is the most commonly used active ingredient worldwide, appearing in many herbicide formulations and readily contaminates soil, water, food, and other resources. Decades of extensive glyphosate herbicide use (e.g., Roundup) have put human, animal, and environmental health at\u00a0risk<\/a>.\u00a0Four out of five<\/a>\u00a0U.S. individuals over six years of age have detectable levels of glyphosate in their bodies. Exposure to glyphosate has implications for\u00a0the development of various health issues,<\/a>\u00a0like cancer<\/a>,\u00a0Parkinson\u2019s disease<\/a>, developmental and birth disorders, and\u00a0autism<\/a>. Although the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) classifies glyphosate herbicides as \u201cnot likely to be carcinogenic to humans,\u201d\u00a0stark evidence<\/a>\u00a0demonstrates links to various cancers, including\u00a0non-Hodgkin lymphoma<\/a>. EPA\u2019s classification perpetuates adverse impacts, especially among vulnerable individuals, like pregnant women, infants, children, and the elderly. Like glyphosate, 2,4-D is ubiquitous in the environment from decades of extensive use in agricultural and residential areas. Current research describes a range of serious hazards from 2,4-D exposure, including the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) finding that the chemical is a\u00a0possible human carcinogen<\/a>\u00a0(e.g.,\u00a0soft tissue sarcoma<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0non-Hodgkin lymphoma<\/a>). Moreover, exposure to 2,4-D can cause neurotoxic health issues like\u00a0the development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS<\/a>)\u00a0and\u00a0loss of smell<\/a>, as well as kidney\/liver damage and\u00a0endocrine disruption<\/a>. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)\u00a0finds<\/a>\u00a0babies born near areas of high 2,4-D use, such as farming communities, have higher rates of birth abnormalities, respiratory and cardiovascular issues, and developmental defects.<\/p>\n

Although glyphosate replaced much 2,4-D herbicide use during the late 1990s and early 2000s, increasing glyphosate resistance is shifting the market back to heavy\u00a02,4-D use<\/a>. However, 2,4-D has striking similarities to glyphosate with growing weed resistance to the chemical and its contribution to the growth of\u00a0antibiotic resistance in human pathogenic bacteria<\/a>. Scientists even note 2,4-D\u2019s similarities to glyphosate as the commercial formulation presented more severe health outcomes than the technical grade or pure chemical alone. Moreover, products containing glyphosate and 2,4-D to combat growing herbicide resistance are becoming increasingly popular, as 2,4-D, like glyphosate, has become integral to genetically engineered crops. Considering the agricultural industry is now heading toward\u00a0multi-herbicide-tolerant cropping systems<\/a>, public and environmental health is at greater risk from chemical input threats from this cropping system.<\/p>\n

This study is among the first to find a significant association between negative neurobehavioral performance and the two herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate among youth. This research also highlights an increased rate of toxic body burden among adolescents, especially as prior studies note adolescents have higher bodily concentrations of glyphosate than adults<\/a>, a significant concern for the onset of chronic disease. Moreover, studies like this are essential because 2,4-D and glyphosate are often formulated together in the market herbicide products. This study highlights that combined concentrations of 2,4-D and glyphosate are associated with worsened neurobehavioral performance among all five areas (i.e., attention\/inhibitory control, memory\/learning, language, visuospatial processing, and social perception). However, the researchers urge further assessments of herbicide mixtures’ joint (synergistic) effects among various pediatric and adult populations.<\/p>\n

There is a lack of complete understanding of the etiology of pesticide-induced diseases, including predictable lag time between chemical exposure, health impacts, and epidemiological data. Pesticides themselves can possess the ability to disrupt neurological function. Pesticides\u2019 effect on the\u00a0brain<\/a>\u00a0is mainly of concern for chronically exposed individuals or during critical windows of vulnerability and development. Therefore, studies related to pesticides and neurological disorders can help scientists understand the underlying mechanisms that cause neurodegenerative diseases. Although occupational and environmental factors, like pesticide exposure, adversely affect human health, regulatory reviews are plagued by numerous limitations in defining real-world poisoning, as captured by epidemiologic studies in Beyond Pesticides\u2019\u00a0Pesticide-Induced Diseases Database<\/a>\u00a0(PIDD) and\u00a0Daily News Blog<\/a>. Pesticides\u2019 adverse health effects, exposure, and aggregate or cumulative risk showcase a need for a precautionary approach to regulating pesticides, as more precise research is conducted on occupational and residential pesticide exposure\u2014allowing more complete determinations. Existing information, including this study, supports the clear need for a strategic shift away from pesticide dependency. For more information on the effects of pesticide exposure on neurological health, see Beyond Pesticides\u2019 PIDD pages on\u00a0brain and nervous system disorders<\/a>\u00a0and other impacts on\u00a0cognitive function<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Organic agriculture represents a safer, healthier approach to crop production that does not necessitate pesticide use. Beyond Pesticides encourages farmers to embrace\u00a0regenerative, organic<\/a>\u00a0practices, consumers to purchase organic, and gardeners and municipalities to adopt organic land management practices. A complement to buying organic is contacting\u00a0various organic farming organizations<\/a>\u00a0to learn more about what you can do.\u00a0<\/p>\n

All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><\/p>\n

Source: Environmental Health Perspective<\/em><\/a> (study), Environmental Health Perspective<\/em><\/a> (article)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides, January 19, 2024) A study published in Environmental Health Perspective is one of the first to indicate a link between exposure to the herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate and the impairment of behavioral performance (i.e., attention\/inhibitory control, memory\/learning, language, visuospatial processing, and social perception). These adverse effects associated with the neurotoxic impacts of pesticides on behavior have been previously documented. For example, a study in August 2023 finds oral intake (e.g., eating contaminated foods), inhalation, and dermal exposure to glyphosate lowered cognitive function scores, increased the likelihood of severe depressive symptoms, and impaired auditory (hearing) function.\u00a0Although previous studies find neurotoxic effects from exposure to these herbicides, very few until now have evaluated how this neurotoxic exposure impacts neurotypical behavior among youth (children and teenagers). The ubiquitous use of glyphosate and 2,4-D use in agriculture\u2014which leaves residues of the toxic chemicals in food and in public areas (e.g., parks and walkways) creates a creates a significant risk for exposure. Glyphosate is\u00a0already implicated in or proven to lead to the development of numerous health anomalies,\u00a0including\u00a0cancer, while 2,4-D also has a range of potential hazards, including cancer. Therefore, studies like this help local and government officials make holistic decisions regarding the use […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34360,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[89,585,400,371,160,41,494,421],"tags":[1257,1211,739,1207,470,1210,997],"class_list":["post-34357","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-24-d","category-behavioral-and-cognitive-effects","category-brain-effects","category-children","category-deet","category-glyphosate","category-herbicides","category-synergistic-effects","tag-2-4-d","tag-behavior","tag-behavioral","tag-cognitive-harm","tag-glyphosate","tag-glyphosate-based-herbicides","tag-herbicide"],"yoast_head":"\nStudy Shines Light on Common Herbicides Impacts on Behavioral Function<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There is a link between exposure to the herbicides 2,4-D and glyphosate and the impairment of behavioral performance. 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By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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