{"id":34988,"date":"2024-04-03T00:01:19","date_gmt":"2024-04-03T04:01:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=34988"},"modified":"2024-04-02T10:13:25","modified_gmt":"2024-04-02T14:13:25","slug":"study-bolsters-the-case-for-essential-oils-eo-in-organic-pest-management-for-tomato-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/04\/study-bolsters-the-case-for-essential-oils-eo-in-organic-pest-management-for-tomato-production\/","title":{"rendered":"Study Bolsters the Case for Essential Oils (EO) in Organic Pest Management for Tomato Production"},"content":{"rendered":"

New research highlights the beneficial effects of rose essential oil (REO) on tomato plants as a plant defense potentiator (a substance or treatment enhancing natural defense mechanisms against pests, diseases, and other stressors by activating the plant’s own defense responses) <\/span>for organic agriculture and horticulture. <\/span>As reported<\/a> in the <\/span>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry<\/span><\/i>, <\/span>REO, particularly its component \u03b2-citronellol, activates defense genes in tomato plants, enhances their natural defense mechanisms<\/span>, and dramatically<\/span> reduces<\/span>\u00a0leaf damage <\/span>by 45.5%.<\/span> Additionally, REO attracts beneficial insects that prey on <\/span>herbivore <\/span>pests. <\/span>This study<\/a>, \u201c<\/span>Novel Potential of Rose Essential Oil as a Powerful Plant Defense Potentiator,<\/span>\u201d adds to a growing area of scientific literature on essential oil (EO), largely unexplored as plant defense potentiators. Beyond Pesticides advocates for accelerating the switch from chemical-intensive agriculture to organic agriculture, which remains the only viable solution, in the long run, to address today\u2019s existential crises by prioritizing natural pest control methods, soil health, and biodiversity conservation to protect farmworkers and consumers from the detrimental effects of petrochemical pesticide exposure.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Study Methods and Results<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The researchers applied highly diluted solutions of EOs to the soil of potted tomato plants and assessed the expression levels of defense genes in the tomato leaves, such as PR1 and PIN2, which are known to play a role in plant defense responses. Additionally, they evaluated the extent of leaf damage caused by herbivores, including <\/span>Spodoptera litura<\/span><\/i> (a leaf eating pest) and <\/span>Tetranychus urticae<\/span><\/i> (spider mites), with field trials to validate the findings in a real-world agricultural setting. The researchers treated the soil of tomato plants with REO solution over three weeks and compared the pest damage level to plants treated with a control solvent. This field trial aimed to assess the practical effectiveness of REO in enhancing plant defense against pests and<\/span> attracting beneficial arthropods.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The main findings of the study include:\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. REO, particularly \u03b2-citronellol, activates defense genes, including PR1 and PIN2, in tomato plants, which enhance their natural defense mechanisms;<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Tomato plants treated with REO show significant reductions in leaf damage caused by herbivores, such as <\/span>Spodoptera litura <\/span><\/i>and<\/span> Tetranychus urticae<\/span><\/i>, compared to plants treated with a control solvent.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Field trials confirm the efficacy of REO in enhancing plant defense in real-world agricultural conditions, resulting in a remarkable reduction (45.5%) in pest damage to tomato plants.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. REO attracts herbivore predators, such as the <\/span>Phytoseiulus persimilis<\/span><\/i> mite, while not repelling the spider mite herbivores themselves.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    A specific concentration of REO (1 \u00d7 10^5 dilution), identified as optimal, echoes findings similar to those for valine menthyl ester, another plant defense potentiator, suggesting that higher doses might be detrimental, while the precise dilution used showed no negative impact on plant fitness.\u00a0 Additionally, the study finds that soil application of REO was the only effective method for enhancing plant defense, as direct leaf application proved ineffectual\u2014potentially due to the volatile nature of EOs and rapid evaporation when applied to foliage. Consideration in future research designs to calibrate and test for optimal concentrations and application methods (soil and foliar) across different environmental conditions is key to understanding how EOs or their derivatives might be systematically distributed within plants to enhance defense mechanisms even more effectively. <\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Mosquito Management and EOs<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    As<\/span> noted<\/span><\/a> in the March 24, 2022, Daily News post analyzing the study \u201cLarvicidal and adulticidal effects of some Egyptian oils against Culex pipiens,\u201d published in <\/span>Nature<\/span><\/i><\/b>, various EOs show significant larvicidal and adulticidal activity against the common house mosquito, <\/span>Culex pipiens<\/span><\/i>, which is a vector for diseases like West Nile virus and Saint Louis encephalitis. Egyptian scientists tested 32 EOs on <\/span>C. pipiens<\/span><\/i> larvae and adults, identifying garlic, dill, tea plant, fennel, fennel flower, sage, garden thyme, and sweet violet as highly effective, achieving up to 100% mortality. In addition, a <\/span>2019 study<\/span><\/a> in the <\/span>Florida Journal of Mosquito Control<\/span><\/i>, found EO-based sprays more effective than common synthetic alternatives, supporting a science-based mosquito management approach that prioritizes preventive measures and ecological considerations while advocating for the use of less toxic, biodegradable products like EOs, based on monitoring data to minimize risks to non-target species. As communities like Boulder, Colorado, <\/span>lead by example<\/span><\/a>, in limiting biological larvicides in favor of ecological methods to control mosquito populations, it is vital to emphasize that even the least-toxic adulticides should be viewed as a mechanism of last resort, used under strict conditions to prevent mosquito-borne disease risks.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Solution in Organic Methods<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    EOs and other nature-based pest control alternatives offer a beacon of hope amidst the escalating crises wrought by conventional chemical-intensive agriculture. Beyond Pesticides calls for an end to the use of petrochemical pesticides and fertilizers by 2032 to safeguard human health, biodiversity, and environmental integrity. Embracing organic practices means embracing a holistic approach that nurtures the soil, promotes natural pest control mechanisms, and fosters resilient ecosystems. These ecological practices can mitigate adverse health risks associated with exposures and address the root causes of environmental degradation and climate change detrimentally impacted by petrochemical pesticides.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    By calling for a systemic shift to organic land management practices through advocacy, education, and grassroots action, Beyond Pesticides continues to lead the charge in catalyzing this transformation. In the introduction of our<\/span> 2023 <\/span>Transformative Change<\/span><\/i> report referencing the vital need for a transformation to land and building management systems that align with nature, Jay Feldman, executive director of Beyond Pesticides, writes, \u201cThe transformative solution is a partnership with nature, practices that have been adopted in organic systems. With this approach, we honor all organisms who play a role in ecological systems on which life depends, and we seek the rapid adoption of those practices and materials that are already available to us or can be incentivized to become widely available quickly.<\/span>\u201d <\/span><\/b>The fundamental solution lies in transitioning from conventional chemical farming to organic, regenerative agriculture.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    For more information, please refer to the <\/span>Organic Agriculture<\/span><\/a> page on our website. In addition, Beyond Pesticides\u2019 <\/span>ManageSafe™ | Least Toxic Control of Pests in the Home and Garden<\/span><\/a> database is an excellent resource for safer solutions for readers. To learn about pesticides that may be used in local communities, please see Beyond Pesticides <\/span>Gateway on Pesticide Hazards and Safe Pest Management<\/span><\/a>. <\/span>If you have a concern about pesticide use in your community, please contact Beyond Pesticides\u2019 info desk at info@beyondpesticides.org.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Sources:<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Novel Potential of Rose Essential Oil as a Powerful Plant Defense Potentiator<\/span><\/a>, Eiki Kaneko, Kenji Matsui, <\/span>Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry<\/span><\/i>, 2024<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Products Compatible with Organic Landscape Management<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>Pesticides and You<\/span><\/i>, Spring 2017\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/assets\/media\/documents\/mosquito\/documents\/LeastToxicMosquitoRepel.pdf<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Pesticides and Soil Health<\/span><\/a>, Friends of the Earth, 2019\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Essential Oils In Organic Agriculture: A Review Of Practices And Potential<\/span><\/a>, <\/span>Natural Volatiles and Essential Oils<\/span><\/i>, 2021<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    Biocontrol Potential of Essential Oils in Organic Horticulture Systems: From Farm to Fork<\/span><\/a>. <\/span>Frontiers in Nutrition<\/span><\/i>, 2022<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    A Note on Biopesticides and EPA Definition\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u201c<\/span><\/i>Biopesticides<\/span><\/i><\/a>\u201d\u2014widely regarded as an alternative to chemical pesticides and hence given a special status in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulation\u2014need a better definition. Essential oils are one example of biopesticides naturally occurring substances that control pests (biochemical pesticides), microorganisms that control pests (microbial pesticides). However, Beyond Pesticides <\/span><\/i>has argued<\/span><\/i><\/a> that the current EPA definition for \u201cbiopesticides\u201d is deceptive and misleading because it includes genetically modified organisms or synthetic analogs of naturally occurring biochemicals.\u00a0 The development and adoption of genetically engineered (GE) and other questionable synthetic biopesticides can be seen as a diversion from the necessary shift towards sustainable food production. (See Beyond Pesticides <\/span><\/i>call to action <\/span><\/i><\/a>here).\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    New research highlights the beneficial effects of rose essential oil (REO) on tomato plants as a plant defense potentiator (a substance or treatment enhancing natural defense mechanisms against pests, diseases, and other stressors by activating the plant’s own defense responses) for organic agriculture and horticulture. As reported in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, REO, particularly its component \u03b2-citronellol, activates defense genes in tomato plants, enhances their natural defense mechanisms, and dramatically reduces\u00a0leaf damage by 45.5%. Additionally, REO attracts beneficial insects that prey on herbivore pests. This study, \u201cNovel Potential of Rose Essential Oil as a Powerful Plant Defense Potentiator,\u201d adds to a growing area of scientific literature on essential oil (EO), largely unexplored as plant defense potentiators. Beyond Pesticides advocates for accelerating the switch from chemical-intensive agriculture to organic agriculture, which remains the only viable solution, in the long run, to address today\u2019s existential crises by prioritizing natural pest control methods, soil health, and biodiversity conservation to protect farmworkers and consumers from the detrimental effects of petrochemical pesticide exposure.\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 Study Methods and Results\u00a0 The researchers applied highly diluted solutions of EOs to the soil of potted tomato plants and assessed the expression levels of defense genes in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":34992,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[249,337,317,593,1476,1],"tags":[1479,1482,428,673,656,697,1481,1485,1486,1484,698,1477,748,1407,1483,1480,1478,1487],"class_list":["post-34988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","category-biological-control","category-integrated-and-organic-pest-management","category-soil-health","category-spider-mites","category-uncategorized","tag-essential-oils","tag-horticulture","tag-organic","tag-organic-agriculture","tag-organic-land-management","tag-pest-management","tag-pests","tag-plant-defense","tag-plant-defense-potentiator","tag-plants","tag-research","tag-rose","tag-soil","tag-soil-health","tag-spider-mites","tag-tomato-production","tag-tomatoes","tag--citronellol"],"yoast_head":"\nStudy Bolsters the Case for Essential 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    The study underscores EO\u2019s enormous potential as a safer and more effective tool of pest management\u2014compatible with organic agriculture and horticulture\u2014while minimizing health and environmental risks, an approach supported by Beyond Pesticides. <\/span>Containing compounds with potent insecticidal and repellent properties, EOs have an \u201cexceptional safety profile…(with) a range of bioactivities that greatly benefit human health.\u201d EOs are a promising tool against the <\/span>relentless issue of resistance. <\/span><\/b>Conventional agriculture and the pesticide industry respond to weed resistance, for example, with a pesticides arms race, introducing more toxics as a solution that perpetuates the problem. Apart from the toxicity and other \u201cdownstream\u201d issues related to many synthetic control chemicals, all organisms will eventually develop resistance against the harmful substances to which they are chronically exposed. <\/span>For more information, please see Beyond Pesticides\u2019 previous coverage <\/span><\/i>here<\/span><\/i><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n