{"id":36372,"date":"2024-09-13T00:01:26","date_gmt":"2024-09-13T04:01:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=36372"},"modified":"2024-09-13T16:01:14","modified_gmt":"2024-09-13T20:01:14","slug":"bees-benefit-from-diverse-flower-species-in-ag-fields-and-surroundings-organic-farm-benefits-highest","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/09\/bees-benefit-from-diverse-flower-species-in-ag-fields-and-surroundings-organic-farm-benefits-highest\/","title":{"rendered":"Bees Benefit from Diverse Flower Species in Ag Fields and Surroundings; Organic Farm Benefits Highest"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

(Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, September 13, 2024) While chemical companies persist in pushing simplistic solutions to complex problems, there is a large amount of evidence that organic farming presents effective solutions to many of those problems. Now there is new evidence that organic agriculture prevents the untold harms of pesticide-driven monoculture. In a new study, German researchers compared 16 agricultural landscapes in Lower Saxony and northern Hesse that had different combinations of semi-natural habitat, organic practices, and annual and perennial flower strips. Overall, the researchers find that organic farming provides the highest benefit to the bees, along with the presence of diverse flowering plants in and near monoculture fields.<\/p>\r\n

The study compares the effects of three honey bee conservation methods on the prevalence of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor<\/em><\/a> and the 11 parasites Varroa<\/em> transfers to bees, and the impact of these destructive organisms on bee colony growth. The findings were reported <\/a>in the June issue of the Journal of Applied Ecology.<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Organic practices lead directly to lower parasite load and higher colony growth\u2014essentially, the more organic crops, the more bees, and the more parasites, the fewer bees. Pesticides plus monoculture doubles the damage: Pesticides increase mortality, damage bees\u2019 immune systems, and reduce foraging capacity, while monoculture disturbs bees\u2019 nutritional balance, making them less able to resist parasites and survive pesticide exposure.<\/p>\r\n

In a perverse irony, conventional agriculture has been shifting toward more pollinated crops. Beyond Pesticides has covered<\/a> research showing that between 1961 and 2016, the aggregate land area of crops requiring pollination grew by 136.9%<\/a>, all while actual pollinator abundance was plunging because of pesticides, land use and climate changes, and monoculture. Yet the chemical company persuaders push the very practices that are causing the problems. In part, as noted in a 2019 study<\/a> analyzed by Beyond Pesticides<\/a>, the jump in pollinator-requiring crops is because they have higher market value than non-pollinated crops like cereals. Oilseed has been a particularly fast-growing sector. That 2019 study also found that crop diversity has not increased with the expansion of pollinated species. Like the larger effect of general biodiversity, crops diversity provides a much better environment for pollinators.<\/p>\r\n

After organic practices, honey bee health depends on flower diversity in nearby semi-natural habitats and non-crop strips alongside fields. The health of European honey bees sometimes appears at odds with that of other wild pollinators, because of a disparity between perennial and annual flowers. Honey bees do better in the study from access to annuals and had higher parasite loads when semi-natural habitats and flower strips were dominated by perennials. This is likely because perennials produce fewer flowers than annuals, crowding more bees into smaller spaces. Further, annuals are associated with lower numbers of Varroa<\/em>. This is important because, while Varroa<\/em> directly harms bee health, the numerous other parasites such as viruses that Varroa<\/em> harbors and transmits may cause even more damage. Yet, other wild pollinators need perennials more, and the authors stress that all insect types benefit from the provision of diverse flower species in fields and their surroundings. \u00a0<\/p>\r\n

Other research <\/a>has shown that large fields of flowering plants, such as oil rapeseed (the parent plant of canola), attract bees and support colony growth, but also increase parasite loads. They do create masses of flowers that attract masses of insects. They may offer a large amount of food but only for short periods. In fact, previous research<\/a> has shown that mass-flowering monoculture increases the exposure of bees to parasites, and that \u201cmonoculture alone cannot support healthy bees.\u201d Buffer zones like semi-natural habitats and flower strips featuring mixed flowers that bloom at different times provide more stable, long-lasting food supplies.<\/p>\r\n

Both wild pollinators and honey bees are suffering deep losses, and restoring varied landscapes with both perennial and annual flower varieties would help everyone, including farmers. The rationale advanced by some that monoculture of flowering crops by itself will rescue pollinators is wrong, say the authors: \u201cWe also found that the relationship of colony growth and parasitism to organic farming is not driven by mass-flowering crops, but rather by a complementary effect of mass-flowering and non-mass-flowering organic agriculture.\u201d Although they did not specify what other organic practices contribute to bee health, there is surely much less stress on pollinators in an environment without pesticides that includes all varieties of biodiversity.<\/p>\r\n

The authors note that their results support the European Union\u2019s Green Deal<\/a>, which aims to reach 25% organic agriculture in Europe by 2030. A 2023 evaluation <\/a>of U.S. organic farming compares the success of U.S. policies to those of Denmark. The U.S. came out the clear loser. In 2022 the U.S. Department of \u00a0Department of Agriculture (USDA) created an \u201cOrganic Transition Initiative<\/a>\u201d to help reverse the trend that \u201cthe number of non-certified organic farms actively transitioning to organic production dropped by nearly 71 percent since 2008,\u201d according to the U.S.D.A. press release<\/a>. This drop occurred even as demand for organic products doubled <\/a>between 2013 and 2023. Assessment of the Organic Transition Initiative\u2019s success so far is scarce, but organic advocates praised the initiative<\/a> when it was announced because it aims to provide mentors, extension agents and crop advisors<\/a> with organic expertise to farmers transitioning to organic practices.<\/p>\r\n

Everyone can contribute to the shift away from our toxic \u201cbusiness as usual\u201d approaches and toward a genuinely sustainable agroeconomy. As set out in the June 18, 2019 Beyond Pesticides\u00a0Daily News entry,<\/a>\u00a0\u201cthrough public pressure and consumer choice, we can shift towards alternative products and practices, improve biodiversity, and begin to repair the damage done by industrial agriculture.\u201d You can track\u00a0pollinator,<\/a>\u00a0biodiversity,<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0organic agriculture<\/a>\u00a0developments with Beyond Pesticides\u2019 multiplicity of tools, including our\u00a0Daily News<\/a>\u00a0and the journal\u00a0Pesticides and You<\/em><\/a>. Support our work by\u00a0becoming a member<\/a>\u00a0and\/or\u00a0signing up to learn about actions to take<\/a>\u00a0in support of our\u00a0mission.<\/a><\/p>\r\n

All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Sources:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Organic farming and annual flower strips reduce parasite prevalence in honeybees and boost colony growth in agricultural landscapes
\r\nPatrycja Pluta et al.
\r\nJournal of Applied Ecology<\/em>
\r\nJune 2024\u00a0
\r\nhttps:\/\/besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/1365-2664.14723<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Global agricultural productivity is threatened by increasing pollinator dependence without a parallel increase in crop diversification
\r\nMarcelo A. Aizen, et al.
\r\nGlobal Change Biology<\/em>
\r\nJuly 10, 2019
\r\nhttps:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/gcb.14736<\/a><\/p>\r\n

European Commission: Directorate-General for Environment, Agri-environment schemes \u2013 Impacts on the agricultural environment
\r\nPublications Office, 2017
\r\nhttps:\/\/data.europa.eu\/doi\/10.2779\/633983<\/a> \u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

Industrial Agriculture Practices Contribute to the Insect Apocalypse
\r\nJune 18, 2019
\r\nhttps:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2019\/06\/industrial-agriculture-practices-contribute-to-the-insect-apocalypse\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Monoculture in Crop Production Contributes to Biodiversity Loss and Pollinator Decline
\r\nBeyond Pesticides, July 26, 2019
\r\nhttps:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2019\/07\/monoculture-in-crop-production-contribute-to-biodiversity-loss-and-pollinator-decline\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Study of Pesticide Risk in Wild Bee Species Highlights EPA Risk Assessment Inadequacies
\r\nBeyond Pesticides, August 23, 2024
\r\nhttps:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/08\/study-of-pesticide-risk-in-wild-bee-species-highlights-epa-risk-assessment-inadequacies\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Neonicotinoid Insecticides Contribute to Honey Bee Vulnerability to Parasitic Varroa Mites
\r\nBeyond Pesticides, July 10, 2024
\r\nhttps:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/07\/neonicotinoid-insecticides-contribute-to-honey-bee-vulnerability-to-parasitic-varroa-mites\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Mass-flowering monoculture attracts bees, amplifying parasite prevalence
\r\nHamutahl Cohen et al.
\r\nProceedings of the Royal Society B
\r\nOctober 13, 2021
\r\nhttps:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2021.1369<\/a><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides, September 13, 2024) While chemical companies persist in pushing simplistic solutions to complex problems, there is a large amount of evidence that organic farming presents effective solutions to many of those problems. Now there is new evidence that organic agriculture prevents the untold harms of pesticide-driven monoculture. In a new study, German researchers compared 16 agricultural landscapes in Lower Saxony and northern Hesse that had different combinations of semi-natural habitat, organic practices, and annual and perennial flower strips. Overall, the researchers find that organic farming provides the highest benefit to the bees, along with the presence of diverse flowering plants in and near monoculture fields. The study compares the effects of three honey bee conservation methods on the prevalence of the parasitic mite Varroa destructor and the 11 parasites Varroa transfers to bees, and the impact of these destructive organisms on bee colony growth. The findings were reported in the June issue of the Journal of Applied Ecology. Organic practices lead directly to lower parasite load and higher colony growth\u2014essentially, the more organic crops, the more bees, and the more parasites, the fewer bees. Pesticides plus monoculture doubles the damage: Pesticides increase mortality, damage bees\u2019 immune systems, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36409,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[249,2,347,93,1,368],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","category-alternativesorganics","category-increased-vulnerability-to-diseases-from-chemical-exposure","category-pollinators","category-uncategorized","category-us-department-of-agriculture-usda"],"yoast_head":"\nBees Benefit from Diverse Flower Species in Ag Fields and Surroundings; Organic Farm Benefits Highest - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"German researchers compared agricultural landscapes, finding that organic farming provides the highest benefit to the bees.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/09\/bees-benefit-from-diverse-flower-species-in-ag-fields-and-surroundings-organic-farm-benefits-highest\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Bees Benefit from Diverse Flower Species in Ag Fields and Surroundings; 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