{"id":36667,"date":"2024-10-16T00:01:03","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T04:01:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=36667"},"modified":"2024-10-18T16:04:23","modified_gmt":"2024-10-18T20:04:23","slug":"survey-of-organic-farmers-highlights-need-for-improved-support-from-usda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/10\/survey-of-organic-farmers-highlights-need-for-improved-support-from-usda\/","title":{"rendered":"Survey of Organic Farmers Highlights Need for Increased Support from USDA"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>(<em>Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, October 16, 2024) In a study published in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodsystemsjournal.org\/index.php\/fsj\/article\/view\/1279\/1249\"><em>Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development<\/em><\/a> (JAFSCD), researchers from New York University (NYU) identify gaps in various federal agricultural support systems for organic farmers in a sweeping analysis. The research was spearheaded by <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=Zj3c4BAAAAAJ&amp;hl=en\">Carolyn Dimitri, PhD<\/a>, chair of the Nutrition and Food Studies program at NYU and a current member of the National Organics Standard Board (NOSB) as a public interest\/consumer interest representative serving through January 2026.<\/p>\n<p>According to this study, there is a deficiency in institutionalized knowledge of national organic standards among existing U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) agents and staff working in various agencies, including Risk Management Agency (RMA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), and Farming Service Agency (FSA). \u201cA key recommendation from this study is the creation of specialized, highly trained crop insurance and conservation agents with expertise in organic farming systems to facilitate the application process and program use for conservation programs and crop insurance,\u201d according to the researchers. The authors continue by echoing the sentiments of organic advocates and farmers across the nation on building organic integrity, saying, \u201cThe Organic Cost Share Program [a program of USDA\u2019s FSA] would have more impact if its funds were used to support beginning organic farmers in addition to small-scale farm operators.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Key Findings from the Study<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>The researchers identify barriers preventing organic farmers from engaging in top federal agricultural support programs\u2014crop insurance (administered by RMA), Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP) and Conservation Stewardship Program (CSP) (administered by NRCS), and Organic Certification Cost Share Program (OCCSP) \/Organic Cost Share (administered by FSA or certain state departments of agriculture).<\/p>\n<p>34 individual farmers and organic advocates were interviewed for this study: 23 were conducted with certified organic farmers engaged in diversified, specialty crop, fruit, and grain production; 11 were organic advocates engaged in technical assistance, policy analysis, and research. The farmers operate in 13 states across the United States with farm sizes ranging from a 3-acre diversified farm to a 12,500-acre grain production farm. The goal of this study is to \u201cunderstand organic farmer perceptions of these programs, their decisions to participate, experiences with the application process, and how the programs worked for their operations\u201d and provide potential policy solutions.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFarm programs that target risk management and farmland conservation are important for the economic and environmental health of farms, yet they fail to meet the needs of organic producers,\u201d said Dr. Dimitri. \u201cOur work suggests that inserting organic farms into programs that were designed for non-organic farms has not been widely successful, because they fail to consider differences between organic and non-organic farms.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>EQIP and CSP<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The goals of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/conservation-basics\/conservation-by-state\/new-jersey\/eligibility-and-application-process\">EQIP<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrcs.usda.gov\/programs-initiatives\/csp-conservation-stewardship-program\">CSP<\/a> are to provide funding incentives for farmers already engaged in eligible practices, such as cover cropping, that support ecosystem services and biodiversity.<\/p>\n<p>Even though organic farmers engage in eligible practices for both programs, recent USDA data demonstrate significantly lower organic farmer participation relative to overall chemical-intensive or conventional farmer engagement with EQIP:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u201cIn total, only 0.2% of EQIP contracts administered in 2022 went to organic operations. []\u201d<\/li>\n<li>\u201cIn 2019, organic producers had approximately 74% fewer EQIP contracts per organic farm compared to all farms.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>CSP engagement has historically remained higher among organic farms compared to total farm participation, with organic farms \u201cmaintain[ing] twice as many CSP contracts\u2026 as compared to all farms.\u201d 17 farmers participated in EQIP and six enrolled in CSP. There were several key themes that emerged regarding participation in conservation programs:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The knowledge of USDA agents influenced farmer perception of CSP and EQIP;<\/li>\n<li>EQIP-eligible practices may vary based on regional\/local contexts, thus if there is not a robust organic farming sector there may be intense competition with chemically intensive growers; and<\/li>\n<li>Funding levels offered in EQIP and CSP \u201cwere not high enough [for some organic farmers] to bother with the lengthy and cumbersome application process.\u201d<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong><em>Crop Insurance<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Just 10 of the 23 farms purchased crop insurance, with organic grain producers making up the vast majority. \u201cMany of the farmers who had diversified operations did not purchase crop insurance and expressed little to no interest in doing so in the future,\u201d according to the study. For the handful of farmers who did participate in insurance, they were disappointed in the benefits.<\/p>\n<p>For example, one diversified farmer was only paid $140 after losing $7,000 in revenue from a surprise overnight drop in temperature, while another farmer was disqualified from payment because an inspector \u201csaw evidence of pests and crop disease.\u201d Another diversified farmer, even after going through what was described as a \u201cstressful\u201d paperwork process, indicated that the inspector \u201ccould not figure out how much the crop was worth.\u201d The result: no payout. Organic grain farmers, meanwhile, laud insurance as an essential component of their operations, given climate change-fueled natural disasters that could disrupt their production. This is consistent with general trends in crop insurance enrollment in nonorganic farms, according to the research.<\/p>\n<p>Whether organic farms spoke highly or disparagingly about crop insurance enrollment and procedures, reforms were suggested in the report, including the creation of consistent best management practices across insurance and conservation programs.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFarmers must follow the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rma.usda.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-04\/2023-14060-Good-Farming-Practice-Determination-Standards.pdf\">RMA good farming practices<\/a> to be eligible for crop insurance payments, but competing priorities for organic or conservation programming might put them at fault with RMA.\u201d An example of this was an organic grain farmer losing access to insurance for 120 acres of wheat fields in their portfolio after engaging in no-till and cover cropping.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers emphasize that there is \u201ca large potential payoff from additional research into best practices and the development of organic system-specific seed varieties.\u201d This is consistent with advocates\u2019 calls to establish whole-of-government coordination akin to the European Union\u2019s Farm to Fork Strategy (See <em>Daily News <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/06\/pesticide-free-towns-taking-hold-worldwide-with-growth-in-europe\/\">here<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/01\/planting-the-seeds-of-change-context-for-why-the-european-union-struggles-to-meet-2030-organic-farming-target\/\">here<\/a>) within and among relevant agencies to consider organic food production targets in national programs such as the National School Lunch Program. (See <em>Daily News<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/03\/take-action-federal-food-program-asked-to-stop-feeding-children-pesticides-that-contribute-to-obesity\/\">here<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<p>The authors did identify RMA efforts to update its rules on insurance policies for organic farmers, as reflected in an updated rule from the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation that went into effect in July this year. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federalregister.gov\/documents\/2024\/06\/27\/2024-13198\/expanding-options-for-specialty-and-organic-growers-eosog\">here<\/a> for more information.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Organic Cost Share<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>OCCSP, commonly referred to as Organic Cost Share, is the most popular program among surveyed organic farmers, which is not surprising given that the total per-year certification costs can range from $2,000 to $9,000, depending on the variety of production scopes.<\/p>\n<p>This does not include the annual inspection costs to verify farm compliance with the organic standards, with certification prices based on a range of factors.<\/p>\n<p>Small-scale and diversified operations tend to benefit more from OCCSP, whereas large-scale grain producers \u201ccan absorb that [certification] cost very easily.\u201d Across the board, there were a variety of recommendations proposed by the surveyed farmers, including:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Free certification for beginning farmers with less than 10 years\u2019 experience and beginning farmers who are under the age of 35.<\/li>\n<li>Certification payment coverage based on farm income, with farmers yielding less than $75,000 to $100,000 per year receiving 100% reimbursement.<\/li>\n<li>Complete coverage for farmers transitioning to organic with existing certified farms paying no more than 10% to 15% total certification costs per year.<\/li>\n<li>Free certification for farmers grossing less than $250,000 per year.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The survey contains calls to streamline the administrative side of OCCSP. Recommendations include shifting the administration of the cost share (e.g. sharing of invoices and proof of certification) to the certifying body rather than a separate USDA administrative agency to minimize potential communication hardships for farmers.<\/p>\n<p>One of the final recommendations from the authors of this report is the creation of an \u201cOrganic Agent Corps.\u201d This would establish permanent positions for experts in various states or regions who are familiar with crop insurance, EQIP, CSP, and related programs, as well as organic certification. Given that there are only 17,000 organic certified farmers compared to the over two million total farm operations in the United States (2021 USDA data), researchers see more targeted expertise and resources as a potential pathway to expanding capacity for the thousands of farmers who may wish to transition to organic but do not know where to begin.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Organic Integrity and Policy<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>With Farm Bill negotiations in the U.S. Congress in a potential holding pattern until after the presidential election, advocates from the National Organic Coalition are sounding the alarm on the expiration (as of September 30) of funds for programs including Organic Cost Share that directly impacts organic and transitional organic farmers. (See <a href=\"https:\/\/secure.everyaction.com\/LAIA1cH5G02lQgIM082uQA2\">here<\/a> for this week&#8217;s Action of the Week to act now!<em>)<\/em><\/p>\n<p>This week, for its fall 2024 meeting, the NOSB convenes to take public comments virtually and will meet in person on October 22-24 in Portland, Oregon. See <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/programs\/organic-agriculture\/keeping-organic-strong\">Keeping Organic Strong<\/a> for a full list of NOSB recommendations and Beyond Pesticides comments. For more information on the benefits of, and threats to, organic agriculture, see its dedicated <em>Daily News <\/em>section <a href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/category\/alternativesorganics\/\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><em>All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.\u00a0 <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Source:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foodsystemsjournal.org\/index.php\/fsj\/article\/view\/1279\/1249\"><em>JAFSCD<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Beyond Pesticides, October 16, 2024) In a study published in the Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development (JAFSCD), researchers from New York University (NYU) identify gaps in various federal agricultural support systems for organic farmers in a sweeping analysis. The research was spearheaded by Carolyn Dimitri, PhD, chair of the Nutrition and Food Studies program at NYU and a current member of the National Organics Standard Board (NOSB) as a public interest\/consumer interest representative serving through January 2026. According to this study, there is a deficiency in institutionalized knowledge of national organic standards among existing U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) agents and staff working in various agencies, including Risk Management Agency (RMA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), and Farming Service Agency (FSA). \u201cA key recommendation from this study is the creation of specialized, highly trained crop insurance and conservation agents with expertise in organic farming systems to facilitate the application process and program use for conservation programs and crop insurance,\u201d according to the researchers. The authors continue by echoing the sentiments of organic advocates and farmers across the nation on building organic integrity, saying, \u201cThe Organic Cost Share Program [a program of USDA\u2019s FSA] would have more impact [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":36669,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,574,363,320,1409,1412,1,368],"tags":[1641,1531,1659,728,1258,965,428,673,1418,925,1822,1156,922],"class_list":["post-36667","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-alternativesorganics","category-congress","category-federal-agencies","category-national-organic-standards-boardnational-organic-program","category-nosb-national-organic-standards-board","category-organic-foods-production-act-ofpa","category-uncategorized","category-us-department-of-agriculture-usda","tag-carbon-sequestration","tag-certified-organic","tag-crop-insurance","tag-farm-bill","tag-national-organic-program","tag-national-organic-standards-board","tag-organic","tag-organic-agriculture","tag-organic-food-production","tag-organic-foods-production-act","tag-organic-history","tag-organic-integrity","tag-usda"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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