{"id":37219,"date":"2024-12-12T00:01:15","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T05:01:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=37219"},"modified":"2024-12-11T12:37:18","modified_gmt":"2024-12-11T17:37:18","slug":"review-cites-memory-and-learning-impairments-children-workers-and-nontarget-organisms-at-risk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/12\/review-cites-memory-and-learning-impairments-children-workers-and-nontarget-organisms-at-risk\/","title":{"rendered":"Review Cites Memory and Learning Impairments; Children, Workers, and Nontarget Organisms at Risk"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, December 12, 2024) A literature review of 161 articles in Discover Toxicology<\/em><\/a> finds that pesticides with different mechanisms of action cause memory and learning impairments. These effects are noted in nontarget species including humans. Pesticide \u201c[e]xposure during development, as well as chronic environmental and occupational exposure, can contribute to decreased cognitive performance<\/a>,\u201d the researchers say. With a focus on organophosphate pesticides, synthetic pyrethroids, and neonicotinoid insecticides, the authors highlight neurological impacts.<\/p>\n

Both learning and memory are crucial for the survival of many species. “Considering the importance of learning and memory for human and non-human animal behavior and the growing association between pesticide exposure and cognitive impairment, the aim of this review was to describe the studies showing the impact of pesticide exposure on memory and learning abilities in nontarget species, providing evidence of the impact of pesticides in central nervous system function,\u201d the researchers state.<\/p>\n

The 161 articles included in the review were identified through database searches in PubMed\/Medline and Scielo. The authors note, \u201cInclusion criteria for article selection included all articles published in English between 2015 and 2024 containing original studies in animals or humans with single or multiple pesticides exposure.\u201d<\/p>\n

The articles consist of 132 preclinical studies involving animal models, most focusing on bees and rodents, and 29 human studies that assess occupational and environmental exposure. The researchers share that, \u201cRegarding animal models, 58% of preclinical studies were conducted in rodents and 28% in bees, evidencing the lack of studies conducted in aquatic species, amphibians and other important animal models in ecotoxicological studies.\u201d See related coverage on scientific deficiencies within Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) review processes here<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Preclinical Studies<\/strong><\/p>\n

Organophosphates<\/em><\/p>\n

In the research, the majority of studies, related to organophosphates<\/a>, assess the effects of exposure to chlorpyrifos<\/a>, malathion<\/a>, and diazinon<\/a> and find that they cause damage to the learning and memory capacity in multiple species. The authors postulate that these effects of organophosphates on \u201c[m]emory and learning deficits seem to involve mechanisms such as acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition and oxidative stress<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

Notable studies include:<\/p>\n