{"id":38010,"date":"2025-03-28T00:01:09","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T04:01:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=38010"},"modified":"2025-03-28T12:59:03","modified_gmt":"2025-03-28T16:59:03","slug":"sampling-finds-pesticides-throughout-environment-with-toxic-mixtures-from-agricultural-use","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2025\/03\/sampling-finds-pesticides-throughout-environment-with-toxic-mixtures-from-agricultural-use\/","title":{"rendered":"Sampling Finds Pesticides Throughout Environment with Toxic Mixtures from Agricultural Use"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

(Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, March 28, 2025) The Rhine Valley in southwestern Germany is renowned for the agricultural bounty it has provided for centuries. Today, the area is home to dense wine, vegetable, fruit, and cereal cultivation. However, a study<\/a> shows that current regulation of pesticides, even in the relatively progressive European Union, is inadequate to protect humans and all the other organisms that produce the environment necessary for human life and civilization.\u00a0<\/p>\r\n

The study goal was to determine how far\u2014and which\u2014pesticides traveled beyond the croplands of vegetables, fruit orchards, and cereals, as well forested lands, into nontarget areas that should serve as refugia for plants, animals, and invertebrates not considered pests. Based at the Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences at the University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, the researchers used innovative methods to measure the types, concentrations, and distribution of pesticides.<\/p>\r\n

They took samples from three landscape categories\u2014vegetation, topsoil, and surface water\u2014at 78 sites distributed along six transects, each reaching from the valley floor to the tops of the mountains on either side. Samples were taken from grasses, shrub leaves, and topsoils along each transect, together with water samples from rivers, small streams, ponds, and puddles. They tested for 93 current-use pesticides (CUPs).<\/p>\r\n

There was no site where all samples of vegetation, topsoil, or water were free of all pesticides. Of the 93 CUPs tested, the researchers found 63 in the samples. CUPs were found in 97 percent of all the vegetation and topsoil samples and 83 percent of the water samples. The mixture of pesticides was wildly varied; the scientists found 140 different combinations of at least two pesticides. Fungicides were most prominent overall, and the pesticides most commonly found together were the fungicides fluopyram and spiroxamine. Fluopyram appeared in the vast majority of samples. Others in the samples with lesser frequency included the bee-killing neonicotinoids<\/a> clothianidin, imidacloprid, and thiacloprid. See Beyond Pesticides\u2019 rich archive of information<\/a> on these very dangerous pesticides.<\/p>\r\n

Fluopyram is a member of the PFAS family of \u201cforever chemicals,\u201d of which the authors point out there are 37 authorized for use in the European Union. They add that the Rhine Valley sits atop a very large aquifer that provides water to more than seven million people; thus, PFAS use on the surface presents a high risk of contaminating drinking water. While there is not a large body of research on fluopyram\u2019s health hazards, the authors note that fish exposed to it exhibit behavioral alterations, implying neurological damage. Another study<\/a> found high toxicity in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans<\/em>.<\/p>\r\n

Both fluopyram and spiroxamine are registered for use in the European Union (E.U.) and the U.S. E.U. evaluations<\/a> found that residues are of little concern<\/a>, but other research suggests otherwise. A survey<\/a> of residues in the environment in Argentina and Europe comparing chemical-intensive (conventional) and organic farms found high concentrations in the conventional soils, principally fungicides, including boscalid (another fungicide) and spiroxamine, both of which were present in the Rhine Valley study. A 2021 Indian study<\/a> of fluopyram residues on pomegranates found that they were concentrated in the outer peel but that the fruit was free of it. However, these authors noted that this should not be reassuring, as pomegranate peel, like every other part of the pomegranate, is of high value owing to the antioxidant polyphenols it contains. The peel is used to augment other fruit juices and has potential as a preservative. Thus, the principle of utilizing naturally-occurring plants to support health also carries a risky downside if the plants are treated with pesticides. The Rhine Valley study shows that wildlife and ecosystems run the same risks and that distance from the application site is not necessarily protective.<\/p>\r\n

Spiroxamine, used against powdery mildew, is almost absent from the scientific literature on pesticide health effects, meaning it has also achieved registration based on data that at least in part are considered proprietary studies by chemical companies, and has not truly been evaluated for human or environmental risks based on exposures that are chronic, low-dose or in combination with other chemicals. However, even regulatory toxicology studies<\/a> have shown it is highly toxic to birds and moderately toxic to mammals (rats).<\/p>\r\n

One of the innovative, striking, and tragic results of the Rhine study was finding that puddles pose severe risks to insects, especially honey bees, birds, and mammals wherever they are found. This is because as puddles dry out, the concentrations increase, \u201cwhich turns puddles in agricultural areas into toxic soups,\u201d they wrote. \u201cPuddles in human-modified landscapes are an important drinking water source for birds, and honey bees actively forage in \u2018dirty\u2019 water sources for minerals that may be lacking in their floral diet. We emphasize the critical exposure pathway for birds and mammals\u2026especially when contaminated puddles are the only source of water in hot seasons or during increasingly frequent droughts.\u201d Even worse, \u201cNatural puddles in non-target areas contained the highest contamination levels and are so far not included in environmental risk assessment procedures.\u201d<\/p>\r\n

The Rhine Valley study firmly establishes that pesticides do not stay where they are applied, even when the application area is bounded by higher altitudes that might be expected to confine them. The researchers found significant deposition of pesticides even at the highest point of the surrounding mountains. There was no environmental compartment\u2014soil, water, vegetation\u2014that was protected. This means that refugia, even those assumed to be far enough away to escape contamination, will not suffice to maintain a functional ecosystem while proceeding with business as usual in agriculture.<\/p>\r\n

Further, other research clearly demonstrates that pesticides travel around the world in and on agricultural products. Within Germany, the country\u2019s Beer Purity Law, or \u201cReinheitsgebot,\u201d in place for 500 years, is routinely broken by the near-universal use of glyphosate. As Beyond Pesticides noted in its 2016 News Brief<\/a>, the law requires brewers to produce beer using only malt, hops, yeast, and water. Yet the Munich Environmental Institute found glyphosate in 14 popular German beers. The highest concentration was 300 times the legal limit for drinking water in Germany.<\/p>\r\n

The best way to avoid pesticide residues in food is to buy organic food and support organic agriculture. See our database, Eating With a Conscience<\/a> (EWAC), for information on the pesticides that could be present in the food we eat and why food labeled organic is the right choice. The choice of organic food is also a good way to help protect ecosystems.<\/p>\r\n

Consuming organic foods and protecting organic agriculture, along with continuing to communicate the importance of pesticide elimination to policymakers, are the best ways to push back at the conflict-ridden industrial hegemony that keeps the world at risk. The Landau scientists conclude that \u201cthe current pesticide authorization and risk management practices do not protect terrestrial biodiversity\u2026.[t]ogether with the aim of transforming 25 percent of the agricultural land to organic production by 2030, as formulated originally in the EU Green Deal and integrated in national and international policies, synthetic pesticide use could be substantially lowered leading to a reduction of pesticide exposure of biodiversity and humans.\u201d<\/p>\r\n

The Rhine Valley study also illustrates why regulatory toxicology is both inadequate and actively harmful. Regulators rely on the self-interested studies performed by the commercial interests producing and marketing the pesticides. These types of studies have been shown to have outlived their usefulness, requiring new regulatory protocols to include the breakthroughs in assessing chemicals\u2019 health effects developed by academic and public health researchers\u2014such as those demonstrating the role of inflammation<\/a> in nearly every chronic health condition, and which has been shown to result from pesticide exposures. See Beyond Pesticides\u2019 analyses here<\/a>, here<\/a>, and here<\/a>. Products are registered and used long before independent scientists can study their long-term, transgenerational, and synergistic effects. Nevertheless, there has now accumulated a large body of peer-reviewed science demonstrating pesticides\u2019 serious harms. The pesticides identified in the Rhine Valley study have been studied far less than the \u201cusual suspects,\u201d such as glyphosate, chlorpyrifos, and atrazine, and may not be in widespread international use yet, but they have already been labeled as low-risk without a truly responsible assessment of their ecotoxicological and human health effects. We already know there is a high likelihood that they will join most other pesticides in the \u201charmful\u201d column.<\/p>\r\n

Sign up\u00a0here<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0to receive our\u00a0Action of the Week<\/em>\u00a0and\u00a0Weekly News Updates<\/em> delivered right to your inbox, and stay informed with the Daily News <\/strong><\/em>Blog<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\r\n

All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Sources:<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

Current-use pesticides in vegetation, topsoil and water reveal contaminated landscapes of the Upper Rhine Valley, Germany
\r\nMauser et al<\/em>.
\r\nCommunications Earth & Environment, <\/em>2025
\r\nhttps:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s43247-025-02118-2<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Landscape Scale Pesticide Pollution Detected In Upper Rhine Region, From Agricultural Lowlands To Remote Areas
\r\nEurasia Review<\/em> March 17, 2025
\r\nhttps:\/\/www.eurasiareview.com\/17032025-landscape-scale-pesticide-pollution-detected-in-upper-rhine-region-from-agricultural-lowlands-to-remote-areas\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Landscape scale pesticide pollution detected in the Upper Rhine region, from agricultural lowlands to remote areas
\r\nNews Release March 12, 2025
\r\nhttps:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/news-releases\/1076460<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Glyphosate Residues in Popular German Beers
\r\nBeyond Pesticides, February 29, 2016
\r\nhttps:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2016\/02\/glyphosate-residues-in-popular-german-beers\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n

Flooding Transports Pesticides from Streams to Soil and Plants, Threatens Terrestrial Food Webs
\r\nBeyond Pesticides, October 22, 2024
\r\nhttps:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2024\/10\/flooding-transports-pesticides-from-streams-to-soil-and-plants-threatens-terrestrial-food-webs\/<\/a><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Beyond Pesticides, March 28, 2025) The Rhine Valley in southwestern Germany is renowned for the agricultural bounty it has provided for centuries. Today, the area is home to dense wine, vegetable, fruit, and cereal cultivation. However, a study shows that current regulation of pesticides, even in the relatively progressive European Union, is inadequate to protect humans and all the other organisms that produce the environment necessary for human life and civilization.\u00a0 The study goal was to determine how far\u2014and which\u2014pesticides traveled beyond the croplands of vegetables, fruit orchards, and cereals, as well forested lands, into nontarget areas that should serve as refugia for plants, animals, and invertebrates not considered pests. Based at the Landau Institute for Environmental Sciences at the University of Kaiserslautern-Landau, the researchers used innovative methods to measure the types, concentrations, and distribution of pesticides. They took samples from three landscape categories\u2014vegetation, topsoil, and surface water\u2014at 78 sites distributed along six transects, each reaching from the valley floor to the tops of the mountains on either side. Samples were taken from grasses, shrub leaves, and topsoils along each transect, together with water samples from rivers, small streams, ponds, and puddles. They tested for 93 current-use pesticides (CUPs). There […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":38066,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[249,624,1213,157,2058,529,2069,2048,374,2068,71,6,2060,2059,595,2049,2061,326,1],"tags":[459,1540,2062,452,2063,766,1271,824,2055,1997,2051,877,842,2064,2052,458,1662,600,715,2065,442,2066,2057,2050,2056,1453,2067,934,2054,2053],"class_list":["post-38010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-agriculture","category-boscalid","category-chemical-mixtures","category-clothianidin","category-cyflufenamid","category-drift","category-european-union","category-fluopyram","category-fungicides","category-germany","category-imidacloprid","category-international","category-metazachlor","category-pirimicarb","category-pyraclostrobin","category-spiroxamine","category-tebufenozide","category-thiacloprid","category-uncategorized","tag-agriculture","tag-beneficial-insects","tag-boscalid","tag-clothianidin","tag-cyflufenamid","tag-environment","tag-european-union","tag-exposure","tag-fluopyram","tag-fungicides","tag-germany","tag-honeybees","tag-imidacloprid","tag-metazachlor","tag-nontarget","tag-pesticide-drift","tag-pesticide-mixtures","tag-pesticides","tag-pfas","tag-pirimicarb","tag-pollinators","tag-pyraclostrobin","tag-refugia","tag-rhine-valley","tag-spiroxamine","tag-surface-water","tag-tebufenozide","tag-thiacloprid","tag-topsoil","tag-vegetation"],"yoast_head":"\nSampling 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