{"id":7864,"date":"2012-08-10T08:56:47","date_gmt":"2012-08-10T12:56:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=7864"},"modified":"2012-08-10T08:56:47","modified_gmt":"2012-08-10T12:56:47","slug":"new-research-suggests-boys-more-vulnerable-to-effects-of-chlorpyrifos-than-girls","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2012\/08\/new-research-suggests-boys-more-vulnerable-to-effects-of-chlorpyrifos-than-girls\/","title":{"rendered":"New Research Suggests Boys More Vulnerable to Effects of Chlorpyrifos Than Girls"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><font size=\"2\">(<em>Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, August 10, 2012) A new study is the first to find a difference between how boys and girls respond to prenatal exposure to the insecticide <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/chlorpyrifos.htm\">chlorpyrifos<\/a>. Researchers at the Columbia Center for Children&#8217;s Environmental Health (CCCEH) at the Mailman School of Public Health found that, at age 7, boys had greater difficulty with working memory, a key component of IQ, than girls with similar exposures. On the plus side, having nurturing parents improved working memory, especially in boys, although it did not lessen the negative cognitive effects of exposure to the chemical. Results are published online in the journal <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0892036212001389\">Neurotoxicology and Teratology<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=5228\">In 2011<\/a>, research led by Virginia Rauh, ScD, Co-Deputy Director of CCCEH, established a connection between prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and deficits in working memory and IQ at age 7. Earlier this year, a follow-up study showed evidence in MRI scans that even low to moderate levels of exposure during pregnancy may lead to long-term, potentially irreversible changes in the brain. The latest study, led by Megan Horton, PhD, explored the impact of sex differences and the home environment on these health outcomes.<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Horton and colleagues looked at a subset of 335 mother-child pairs enrolled in the ongoing inner-city study of environmental exposures, including measures of prenatal chlorpyrifos in umbilical cord blood. When the children reached age 3, the researchers measured the home environment using the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) criteria, including two main categories: 1) environmental stimulation, defined as the availability of intellectually stimulating materials in the home and the mother&#8217;s encouragement of learning; and 2) parental nurturance, defined as attentiveness, displays of physical affection, encouragement of delayed gratification, limit setting, and the ability of the mother to control her negative reactions. The researchers tested IQ at age 7.<\/p>\n<p>While home environment and sex had no moderating effect on IQ deficits related to chlorpyrifos exposure, the researchers uncovered two intriguing findings related to sex differences, albeit of borderline statistical strength: first, that chlorpyrifos exposure had a greater adverse cognitive impact in boys as compared to girls, lowering working memory scores by an average of three points more in boys than girls (96.5 vs. 99.8); and second, that parental nurturing was associated with better working memory, particularly in boys. <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;There&#8217;s something about boys that makes them a little more susceptible to both bad exposures and good exposures,&#8221; says Dr. Horton. &#8220;One possible explanation for the greater sensitivity to chlorpyrifos is that the insecticide acts as an endocrine disruptor to suppress sex-specific hormones. In a study of rats, exposure to the chemical reduced testosterone, which plays a critical role in the development of the male brain.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Going forward, Dr. Horton will look at how sex and the home environment may influence the effects of prenatal exposure to other environmental toxicants, such as those found in air pollution. &#8220;I expect this information will be useful in efforts to develop new interventions to protect children from the potentially negative consequences of early exposure to harmful chemicals,&#8221; says Dr. Horton.<\/p>\n<p>The insecticide <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/chlorpyrifos.htm\">chlorpyrifos<\/a> was widely used in homes until 2001 when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency restricted indoor residential use, permitting continued commercial and agricultural applications. Since that time, a drop in residential levels of chlorpyrifos has been documented by Robin Whyatt, DrPH, Co-Deputy Director of CCCEH. The chemical continues to be present in the environment through its widespread use in agriculture (food and feed crops), wood treatments, and public spaces such as golf courses, some parks, and highway medians. People near these sources can be exposed by inhaling the chemical, which drifts on the wind. Low-level exposure can also occur by eating fruits and vegetables that have been sprayed with chlorpyrifos. Although the chemical is degraded rapidly by water and sunlight outdoors, it has been detected by the Columbia researchers in many urban residences several years after the ban went into effect. Many developing countries continue to use chlorpyrifos in the home setting.<\/p>\n<p>One of the coauthors of the study, Dana Boyd Barr, PhD., spoke at Beyond Pesticides\u2019 29th annual National Pesticide Forum in Denver, CO last year. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/forum\/video\/29npf.htm#health\">See her talk as part of the forum&#8217;s Health and Science Panel.<\/a> <\/p>\n<p>The best way for consumers to reduce the impact that these chemicals have on our health and the environment is to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/organicfood\/index.htm\">choose organic foods<\/a>. Beyond Pesticides advocates for the national conversion to organic systems planning, which moves chemicals off the market quickly and replaces them with green management practices.<\/p>\n<p>To see more scientific research on the effects of pesticides on human health see our <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/health\/index.htm\">Pesticide-Induced Diseases Database<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p><em>Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/pub_releases\/2012-08\/cums-bat080812.php\">Mailman School of Public Health press release<\/a><\/p>\n<p>All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><br \/>\n<\/font><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Beyond Pesticides, August 10, 2012) A new study is the first to find a difference between how boys and girls respond to prenatal exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Researchers at the Columbia Center for Children&#8217;s Environmental Health (CCCEH) at the Mailman School of Public Health found that, at age 7, boys had greater difficulty with working memory, a key component of IQ, than girls with similar exposures. On the plus side, having nurturing parents improved working memory, especially in boys, although it did not lessen the negative cognitive effects of exposure to the chemical. Results are published online in the journal Neurotoxicology and Teratology. In 2011, research led by Virginia Rauh, ScD, Co-Deputy Director of CCCEH, established a connection between prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and deficits in working memory and IQ at age 7. Earlier this year, a follow-up study showed evidence in MRI scans that even low to moderate levels of exposure during pregnancy may lead to long-term, potentially irreversible changes in the brain. The latest study, led by Megan Horton, PhD, explored the impact of sex differences and the home environment on these health outcomes. Dr. Horton and colleagues looked at a subset of 335 mother-child pairs enrolled [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,33,293],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7864","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-childrenschools","category-chlorpyrifos","category-developmental-disorders"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>New Research Suggests Boys More Vulnerable to Effects of Chlorpyrifos Than Girls - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2012\/08\/new-research-suggests-boys-more-vulnerable-to-effects-of-chlorpyrifos-than-girls\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"New Research Suggests Boys More Vulnerable to Effects of Chlorpyrifos Than Girls - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides, August 10, 2012) A new study is the first to find a difference between how boys and girls respond to prenatal exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Researchers at the Columbia Center for Children&#8217;s Environmental Health (CCCEH) at the Mailman School of Public Health found that, at age 7, boys had greater difficulty with working memory, a key component of IQ, than girls with similar exposures. On the plus side, having nurturing parents improved working memory, especially in boys, although it did not lessen the negative cognitive effects of exposure to the chemical. Results are published online in the journal Neurotoxicology and Teratology. In 2011, research led by Virginia Rauh, ScD, Co-Deputy Director of CCCEH, established a connection between prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and deficits in working memory and IQ at age 7. Earlier this year, a follow-up study showed evidence in MRI scans that even low to moderate levels of exposure during pregnancy may lead to long-term, potentially irreversible changes in the brain. The latest study, led by Megan Horton, PhD, explored the impact of sex differences and the home environment on these health outcomes. 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The founders, who established Beyond Pesticides (originally as National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides) as a nonprofit membership organization in 1981, felt that without the existence of such an organized, national network, local, state and national pesticide policy would become, under chemical industry pressure, increasingly unresponsive to public health and environmental concerns. Beyond Pesticides believes that people must have a voice in decisions that affect them directly. We believe decisions should not be made for us by chemical companies or by decision-makers who either do not have all of the facts or refuse to consider them. Learn more about our work, read A Year in Review\u20142021, our accomplishments are your victories! Beyond Pesticides seeks to protect healthy air, water, land, and food for ourselves and future generations. By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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