{"id":9127,"date":"2013-01-16T00:01:35","date_gmt":"2013-01-16T04:01:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=9127"},"modified":"2013-01-17T14:22:21","modified_gmt":"2013-01-17T18:22:21","slug":"elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/","title":{"rendered":"Elevated Chlorpyrifos Residues Detected in Indigenous Children"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>(<em>Beyond Pesticides<\/em>, January 16, 2013) Children living near chemical-intensive or conventional plantations in Costa Rica are exposed to twice as much of the insecticide chlorpyrifos compared to children living near organic plantations, a study reports. More than half the children, mostly from indigenous tribes- Ng\u00e4be and Bribri &#8211; have a \u00a0higher daily exposures than allowed under U.S. federal standards. Chlorpyrifos is linked to neurological effects, especially in children, and is still permitted for use on crops.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?attachment_id=9135\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-9135\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-9135\" style=\"margin: 5px; float: right;\" alt=\"Jungleimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/Jungleimage.jpg\" width=\"240\" height=\"160\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The study, \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0013935112001338\">Indigenous children living nearby plantations with chlorpyrifos-treated bags have elevated 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) urinary concentrations<\/a>, was lead by Berna van Wendel de Joode, PhD \u00a0(Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica). It was conducted in Costa Rica\u2019s banana and plantain plantations in the Talamanca region, and \u00a0targeted villages situated nearby to the plantations where blue bags treated with chlorpyrifos are routinely used to protect banana and plantain crops from pests. Two villages under study are near plantations that use chlorpyrifos-treated bags, while the organic village is near several plantations \u00a0that use little or no insecticide. For 140 children, aged 6 \u2014 9, mostly indigenous Ng\u00e4be and Bribri, parent-interviews and urine samples were obtained. Chlorpyrifos\u2019 environmental levels also were measured in hand wash and foot wash samples collected from some of the children. Levels also were measured in soil, house dust, mattress dust, drinking water, surface water, and air samples collected from inside or near the children\u2019s homes or near the local school.<\/p>\n<p>Children from the banana and plantain villages have statistically significant higher urinary concentration of chlorpyrifos metabolite than children from the referent village. Chlorpyrifos is detected in 30% of the environmental samples as well as in 92% of the hand\/foot wash samples. For more than half of the children, their estimated intake exceeded the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) chronic population adjusted dose, which characterizes the dietary risk of the chemical. For some, the acute population adjusted dose and the chronic reference dose were also exceeded.<\/p>\n<p>This is the first study to specifically address children&#8217;s exposure from chlorpyrifos-treated plastic bags used in agriculture, and suggests that even in the absence of foliar and aerial applications of chlorpyrifos, the use of chlorpyrifos results in environmental exposure in children. It also underscores how federal agencies like EPA underestimate the impact of the chemical\u2019s continued widespread use in agriculture. Chlorpyrifos is a frequent water contaminant and a long range contaminant, exposing communities and contaminating pristine areas far from where it was applied. Residues in food and water continue to put public health at risk. Volatilization drift \u201d\u201dthe evaporation of the pesticide after application\u201d\u201d is also part of the problem for chlorpyrifos. Farmworker children are typically exposed by helping their parents in the fields, and from exposure to residues tracked into the home. Even though the \u00a0 health effects were not measured directly in the children in this study, the link between pre-birth chlorpyrifos exposures to lower IQ, impaired memory, mental and motor development delays and higher rates of ADHD in children have been well documented in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?cat=33\">numerous studies<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Last year, EPA announced <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/?p=7733\">new mitigation measures<\/a> to reduce bystander exposure to chlorpyrifos drift from agricultural fields, including the use of buffer zones for residential areas, schools, hospitals etc. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/gateway\/pesticide\/chlorpyrifos.htm\">Chlorpyrifos \u00a0 <\/a>was banned from residential applications after EPA determined that cumulative exposure resulted in serious adverse health outcomes, especially for children. Short term effects of exposure to chlorpyrifos include chest tightness, blurred vision, headaches, coughing and wheezing, weakness, nausea and vomiting, coma, seizures, and even death.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers of this study conclude that interventions to reduce chlorpyrifos exposure, such as the substitution of the chlorpyrifos-treated bags by agro-ecological pest control methods, are likely to improve children&#8217;s health and environment in banana and plantain growing regions. Global regulatory and policy interventions related to chlorpyrifos have a potential to improve children&#8217;s health and environment in tropical regions from where fruits are exported to countries that are in the process of phasing out this chemical due to national health concerns. According to Environmental Health News, the banana industry uses more agrochemicals than any other industry except for cotton. Pesticides are heavily used to meet consumer demand for perfect, unblemished fruit and because bananas \u2014 mostly grown in large monocultures \u2014 are highly prone to pests and disease. However, there are alternative ways to manage pest in bananas. Options include planting several varieties of bananas and rotating crops to lessen the chance of pest infestation, using pheromone traps to lure away pests, digging trenches around the banana plants and removing diseased plants by hand to reduce the spread of infestations and disease, and boosting the soil with organic matter and beneficial organisms to strengthen plants and improve soil health.<\/p>\n<p>The only way to know that you are not supporting chemical intensive agriculture is to buy organically produced food. Beyond Pesticides advocates for the national conversion to organic systems planning, which moves chemicals off the market quickly and replaces them with green management practices. The effects that chemicals, such as chlorpyrifos, have on the natural environment, in addition to untold damage it has caused families across the U.S. and elsewhere, is testimony to the need to adopt alternatives assessments that force chemicals off the market that can be replaced by safer or green practices.<\/p>\n<p>Source: <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.environmentalhealthnews.org\/ehs\/newscience\/2012\/08\/2012-1220-chlorpyrifos-children-costa-rica-plantations\/\">Environmental Health News <\/a><\/em><br \/>\nPhoto: <em>Environmental Health News<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>All unattributed positions and opinions in this piece are those of Beyond Pesticides.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Beyond Pesticides, January 16, 2013) Children living near chemical-intensive or conventional plantations in Costa Rica are exposed to twice as much of the insecticide chlorpyrifos compared to children living near organic plantations, a study reports. More than half the children, mostly from indigenous tribes- Ng\u00e4be and Bribri &#8211; have a \u00a0higher daily exposures than allowed under U.S. federal standards. Chlorpyrifos is linked to neurological effects, especially in children, and is still permitted for use on crops. The study, \u00a0Indigenous children living nearby plantations with chlorpyrifos-treated bags have elevated 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) urinary concentrations, was lead by Berna van Wendel de Joode, PhD \u00a0(Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica). It was conducted in Costa Rica\u2019s banana and plantain plantations in the Talamanca region, and \u00a0targeted villages situated nearby to the plantations where blue bags treated with chlorpyrifos are routinely used to protect banana and plantain crops from pests. Two villages under study are near plantations that use chlorpyrifos-treated bags, while the organic village is near several plantations \u00a0that use little or no insecticide. For 140 children, aged 6 \u2014 9, mostly indigenous Ng\u00e4be and Bribri, parent-interviews and urine samples were obtained. Chlorpyrifos\u2019 environmental levels [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[249,2,199,21,4,33,3,60,215,317,6,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-agriculture","category-alternativesorganics","category-biomonitoring","category-chemicals","category-childrenschools","category-chlorpyrifos","category-diseasehealth-effects","category-environmental-justice","category-farmworkers","category-integrated-and-organic-pest-management","category-international","category-pesticide-regulation"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Elevated Chlorpyrifos Residues Detected in Indigenous Children - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Elevated Chlorpyrifos Residues Detected in Indigenous Children - Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"(Beyond Pesticides, January 16, 2013) Children living near chemical-intensive or conventional plantations in Costa Rica are exposed to twice as much of the insecticide chlorpyrifos compared to children living near organic plantations, a study reports. More than half the children, mostly from indigenous tribes- Ng\u00e4be and Bribri &#8211; have a \u00a0higher daily exposures than allowed under U.S. federal standards. Chlorpyrifos is linked to neurological effects, especially in children, and is still permitted for use on crops. The study, \u00a0Indigenous children living nearby plantations with chlorpyrifos-treated bags have elevated 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) urinary concentrations, was lead by Berna van Wendel de Joode, PhD \u00a0(Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica). It was conducted in Costa Rica\u2019s banana and plantain plantations in the Talamanca region, and \u00a0targeted villages situated nearby to the plantations where blue bags treated with chlorpyrifos are routinely used to protect banana and plantain crops from pests. Two villages under study are near plantations that use chlorpyrifos-treated bags, while the organic village is near several plantations \u00a0that use little or no insecticide. For 140 children, aged 6 \u2014 9, mostly indigenous Ng\u00e4be and Bribri, parent-interviews and urine samples were obtained. Chlorpyrifos\u2019 environmental levels [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/beyondpesticides\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-01-16T04:01:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2013-01-17T18:22:21+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/Jungleimage.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Beyond Pesticides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ByondPesticides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@ByondPesticides\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Beyond Pesticides\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Beyond Pesticides\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#\/schema\/person\/1b5c0a0981b549cc5b628770073031f4\"},\"headline\":\"Elevated Chlorpyrifos Residues Detected in Indigenous Children\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-01-16T04:01:35+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2013-01-17T18:22:21+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/\"},\"wordCount\":908,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/Jungleimage.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Agriculture\",\"Alternatives\/Organics\",\"Biomonitoring\",\"Chemicals\",\"Children\/Schools\",\"Chlorpyrifos\",\"Disease\/Health Effects\",\"Environmental Justice\",\"Farmworkers\",\"Integrated and Organic Pest Management\",\"International\",\"Pesticide Regulation\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/beyondpesticides.org\/dailynewsblog\/2013\/01\/elevated-chlorpyrifos-residues-detected-in-indigenous-children\/\",\"name\":\"Elevated Chlorpyrifos Residues Detected in Indigenous Children - 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The founders, who established Beyond Pesticides (originally as National Coalition Against the Misuse of Pesticides) as a nonprofit membership organization in 1981, felt that without the existence of such an organized, national network, local, state and national pesticide policy would become, under chemical industry pressure, increasingly unresponsive to public health and environmental concerns. Beyond Pesticides believes that people must have a voice in decisions that affect them directly. We believe decisions should not be made for us by chemical companies or by decision-makers who either do not have all of the facts or refuse to consider them. Learn more about our work, read A Year in Review\u20142021, our accomplishments are your victories! Beyond Pesticides seeks to protect healthy air, water, land, and food for ourselves and future generations. By forging ties with governments, nonprofits, and people who rely on these natural resources, we reduce the need for unnecessary pesticide use and protect public health and the environment. Beyond Pesticides provides hands-on services to the public and supports local action by: identifying and interpreting hazards; and, designing safe pest management programs. With the information provided by Beyond Pesticides, people may not only be able to make informed choices and adopt practices that protect themselves and their families from unnecessary exposure to pesticides, but they will be able to effect changes on community-wide pest management decisions and policies that govern pesticide use, such as pesticide uses in parks, schools, for community insect control and along roadsides. 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More than half the children, mostly from indigenous tribes- Ng\u00e4be and Bribri &#8211; have a \u00a0higher daily exposures than allowed under U.S. federal standards. Chlorpyrifos is linked to neurological effects, especially in children, and is still permitted for use on crops. The study, \u00a0Indigenous children living nearby plantations with chlorpyrifos-treated bags have elevated 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) urinary concentrations, was lead by Berna van Wendel de Joode, PhD \u00a0(Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica). It was conducted in Costa Rica\u2019s banana and plantain plantations in the Talamanca region, and \u00a0targeted villages situated nearby to the plantations where blue bags treated with chlorpyrifos are routinely used to protect banana and plantain crops from pests. Two villages under study are near plantations that use chlorpyrifos-treated bags, while the organic village is near several plantations \u00a0that use little or no insecticide. For 140 children, aged 6 \u2014 9, mostly indigenous Ng\u00e4be and Bribri, parent-interviews and urine samples were obtained. 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